﻿492 
  

  

  T. 
  BELT 
  ON 
  THE 
  STEPPES 
  OF 
  SIBERIA. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  2. 
  — 
  Section 
  of 
  

   Strata 
  at 
  Omsk. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  3. 
  — 
  Section 
  of 
  Strata 
  at 
  Pavlodav. 
  

  

  1. 
  1 
  foot 
  surface-soil. 
  

  

  2. 
  20 
  feet 
  stratified, 
  red- 
  

  

  dish-brown 
  sand, 
  with 
  

   lines 
  of 
  small 
  gravel. 
  

  

  3. 
  8 
  feet 
  light 
  - 
  coloured 
  

  

  sandy 
  silt. 
  

  

  4. 
  15 
  feet 
  coarse 
  clean 
  

   sand, 
  with 
  lines 
  of 
  

   small 
  pebbles, 
  and 
  

   one 
  line 
  of 
  coarser 
  

   pebbles 
  at 
  X 
  • 
  

  

  5. 
  6 
  feet 
  clayey 
  unlami- 
  

   nated 
  silt, 
  with 
  frag- 
  

   ments 
  of 
  bed-rock 
  in 
  

   lower 
  half. 
  

  

  6. 
  Magnesian 
  limestone, 
  

   much 
  crashed 
  and 
  

   broken 
  at 
  top. 
  

  

  strata 
  exposed; 
  but 
  20 
  miles 
  south 
  of 
  Pavlodav 
  I 
  noticed 
  that 
  the 
  

   surface 
  soil 
  contained 
  many 
  small 
  subangular 
  pebbles 
  ; 
  and 
  having 
  

   already 
  determined 
  that 
  the 
  sand 
  and 
  pebbles 
  had 
  come 
  from 
  the 
  

   south, 
  towards 
  which 
  I 
  was 
  travelling, 
  I 
  was 
  on 
  the 
  look-out 
  for. 
  

   larger 
  stones. 
  The 
  country 
  was 
  now 
  of 
  a 
  more 
  undulating 
  character, 
  

   and 
  there 
  were 
  many 
  shallow 
  salt 
  lakes. 
  "When 
  60 
  miles 
  from 
  

   Pavlodav, 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  night, 
  the 
  wheel 
  of 
  the 
  tarantass, 
  for 
  the 
  

   first 
  time 
  in 
  a 
  journey 
  of 
  nearly 
  1000 
  miles, 
  jolted 
  over 
  a 
  stone 
  ; 
  and 
  

   on 
  getting 
  out 
  I 
  found 
  there 
  were 
  many 
  angular 
  pieces 
  of 
  quartz 
  

   lying 
  en 
  the 
  surface, 
  from 
  3 
  to 
  4 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter. 
  

  

  After 
  this 
  the 
  stones 
  increased 
  in 
  number 
  and 
  size 
  ; 
  and 
  20 
  miles 
  

   further 
  south 
  the 
  surface-soil 
  was 
  full 
  of 
  large 
  angular 
  boulders 
  of 
  

   quartz, 
  some 
  of 
  which 
  were 
  8 
  feet 
  across. 
  Many 
  large 
  tabular 
  

   masses 
  of 
  quartz 
  rock 
  looked 
  as 
  if 
  in 
  situ 
  ; 
  but 
  several 
  of 
  them 
  bad 
  

   been 
  quarried 
  to 
  build 
  the 
  enclosures 
  of 
  the 
  government 
  station, 
  and 
  

   they 
  were 
  seen 
  to 
  have 
  rested 
  in 
  and 
  on 
  a 
  sandy 
  clay 
  containing 
  

   few 
  other 
  stones. 
  There 
  was 
  nothing 
  about 
  these 
  boulders 
  or 
  the 
  

   clay 
  in 
  which 
  they 
  rested 
  to 
  suggest 
  that 
  they 
  were 
  moraine 
  accu- 
  

   mulations 
  ; 
  they 
  were 
  distributed 
  over 
  a 
  nearly 
  level 
  plain, 
  as 
  if 
  they 
  

   had 
  been 
  dropped 
  from 
  floating 
  ice. 
  

  

  Beyond 
  this 
  point, 
  southwards, 
  the 
  bed-rock 
  often 
  comes 
  to 
  the 
  

   surface 
  in 
  ridges 
  and 
  low 
  hills 
  of 
  highly 
  metamorphosed 
  crystalline 
  

   rocks, 
  separated 
  by 
  level 
  plains 
  composed 
  of 
  a 
  sandy 
  clay, 
  with 
  

   numerous 
  small 
  angular 
  stones, 
  invariably 
  of 
  the 
  rocks 
  seen 
  in 
  situ 
  

  

  