20 



THE SPRING GRAIN-APHIS OR " GREEN BUG. ' ' 



in the South, and low temperatures during spring months were 

 carefully observed and set forth in a report published later. 1 



As early as the middle of January, 1890, it was reported by Mr. 

 P. C. Xewkirk as killing the young wheat about Jalapa, Term., and 

 on the 26th of the same month Mr. B. F. White, of Mebane, N. C, 

 reported it as ruining both wheat and oats in his neighborhood. Mr. 

 J. L. Fooks, writing on the same date from Era, Tex., stated that the 

 insect had played sad havoc with the wheat in his neighborhood, 

 while April 7 Mr. D. J. Eddleman, Denton, Tex., complained of the 

 pest destroying the wheat. Writing in 1901 Mr. H. K. Jones, Valley 

 View, Tex., stated that the insect appeared there about 10 3'ears pre- 



Fig. 5.— Maps showing areas covered by outbreaks of the spring grain-aphis during the years 1890, 1901, 



1903, and 1907. (Original.) 



vious and killed about all the wheat in the county. From this and 

 other correspondence, accompanied by specimens, it seems that 

 wheat in Cooke, Grayson, Collins, Denton, and Wilbarger counties, 

 Tex., was more or less damaged by this pest. 2 Xo reports are at hand 

 showing injuries to wheat or oats in what was at that time Oklahoma 

 and Indian Territories, for the reason that little of either of these 

 grains was at that time grown. But we now know that grains were 

 not essential to its presence in that country. 



In Missouri the situation was more acute and strongly indicates 

 that the pest was present in southeastern. Kansas and northern 

 Arkansas. According to Mr. MonelFs notes, the pest completely 



i Insect Life, vol. 4, pp. 245-248, 1892; Bui. 22, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., pp. 64-70, 1890; Yearbook 

 U . S. Dept. Agr. for 1907, pp. 239-241. 

 ' Insect Life, vol. 3, p. 75. 



