﻿SPRAYING 
  AGAINST 
  GRAPE 
  LEAFHOPPER. 
  7 
  

  

  EXPERIMENT 
  IN 
  VINEYARD 
  OF 
  MR. 
  J. 
  E. 
  BEATTY, 
  NORTH 
  EAST, 
  PA. 
  

  

  The 
  vineyard 
  of 
  Mr. 
  J. 
  E. 
  Beatty, 
  North 
  East, 
  Pa., 
  had 
  been 
  badly 
  

   infested 
  by 
  grape 
  leafhoppers 
  for 
  several 
  years. 
  As 
  a 
  result 
  of 
  their 
  

   injury 
  the 
  cane 
  growth 
  of 
  the 
  vines 
  had 
  been 
  greatly 
  reduced 
  and 
  

   there 
  had 
  been 
  a 
  corresponding 
  reduction 
  in 
  yield 
  of 
  fruit. 
  Thir- 
  

   teen 
  acres 
  of 
  the 
  worst 
  infested 
  sections 
  of 
  this 
  vine} 
  r 
  ard 
  were 
  sprayed 
  

   in 
  1911. 
  Unfortunately, 
  the 
  spraying 
  was 
  not 
  commenced 
  until 
  

   about 
  15 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  nymphs 
  to 
  hatch 
  had 
  changed 
  to 
  the 
  

   winged 
  form. 
  The 
  application 
  was 
  made 
  July 
  12 
  and 
  14, 
  using 
  a- 
  

   gasoline-engine 
  power-spraying 
  outfit 
  with 
  two 
  " 
  trailer" 
  leads 
  of 
  

   hose 
  (see 
  PL 
  III, 
  fig. 
  1). 
  A 
  pressure 
  of 
  175 
  pounds 
  was 
  maintained 
  

   and 
  about 
  250 
  gallons 
  of 
  liquid 
  were 
  applied 
  per 
  acre. 
  Tobacco 
  

   extract 
  No. 
  I 
  was 
  used 
  at 
  a 
  dilution 
  of 
  1 
  part 
  to 
  150 
  parts 
  of 
  water. 
  

   This 
  dilution 
  gave 
  good 
  results, 
  even 
  though 
  a 
  large 
  percentage 
  of 
  

   the 
  nymphs 
  was 
  in 
  the 
  last 
  molt. 
  Within 
  about 
  three 
  weeks 
  after 
  

   the 
  application 
  was 
  made 
  the 
  foliage 
  of 
  the 
  unsprayed 
  vines 
  com- 
  

   menced 
  to 
  turn 
  brown, 
  and 
  as 
  the 
  season 
  advanced 
  new 
  growth 
  at 
  

   the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  canes 
  ceased, 
  whereas 
  on 
  the 
  sprayed 
  vines 
  the 
  foliage 
  

   remained 
  green 
  and 
  the 
  new 
  growth 
  continued 
  to 
  develop 
  until 
  late 
  

   in 
  the 
  season. 
  The 
  berries 
  were 
  larger 
  and 
  a 
  darker 
  purple 
  in 
  color 
  

   upon 
  the 
  sprayed 
  vines. 
  When 
  the 
  crop 
  was 
  harvested 
  the 
  fruit 
  

   from 
  300 
  vines 
  in 
  the 
  unsprayed 
  plat 
  and 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  number 
  of 
  

   vines 
  on 
  the 
  sprayed 
  plat 
  was 
  weighed 
  and 
  showed 
  a 
  gain 
  of 
  690 
  

   pounds 
  from 
  the 
  sprayed 
  plat, 
  thus 
  giving 
  an 
  increase 
  of 
  1,380 
  

   pounds 
  per 
  acre. 
  This 
  fruit 
  was 
  valued 
  at 
  $0,015 
  per 
  pound, 
  show- 
  

   ing 
  a 
  gross 
  cash 
  gain 
  o£ 
  $20.70 
  per 
  acre. 
  The 
  cost 
  of 
  spray 
  material 
  

   and 
  labor 
  of 
  application 
  was 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  Team 
  and 
  driver 
  per 
  day 
  $4. 
  50 
  

  

  250 
  gallons 
  of 
  tobacco 
  extract 
  No. 
  I, 
  diluted 
  spray 
  1. 
  41 
  

  

  Two 
  men 
  handling 
  nozzles 
  3. 
  50 
  

  

  Six 
  acres 
  sprayed 
  per 
  day, 
  cost 
  per 
  acre 
  2. 
  74 
  

  

  Increased 
  cash 
  yield 
  per 
  acre 
  20. 
  70 
  

  

  Cost 
  of 
  material 
  and 
  application 
  2 
  7 
  I 
  

  

  Net 
  cash 
  gain 
  per 
  acre 
  on 
  sprayed 
  vines 
  1 
  7. 
  96 
  

  

  EXPERIMENT 
  IN 
  VINEYARD 
  OF 
  MR. 
  D. 
  C. 
  BOSTWICK, 
  NORTH 
  EAST, 
  PA. 
  

  

  The 
  grape 
  leafhopper 
  was 
  very 
  numerous 
  in 
  the 
  vineyard 
  of 
  Mr. 
  

   I). 
  C. 
  Bostwick, 
  North 
  East, 
  Pa., 
  during 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1911. 
  The 
  

   experiment 
  was 
  undertaken 
  on 
  a 
  block 
  of 
  young 
  vines 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  

   year 
  of 
  bearing. 
  The 
  vinos 
  in 
  this 
  block 
  were 
  quite 
  uniform 
  and 
  

   carried 
  a 
  heavy 
  crop 
  of 
  Fruit. 
  About 
  15 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  nymphs 
  bad 
  

   transformed 
  to 
  adults 
  when 
  the 
  spray 
  application 
  was 
  made. 
  The 
  

   sprav 
  was 
  applied 
  From 
  duly 
  L3 
  to 
  15. 
  Three 
  acre- 
  were 
  taken 
  in 
  

   about 
  tbo 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  block. 
  One 
  acre 
  on 
  each 
  side' 
  of 
  t 
  he 
  unl 
  reated 
  

  

  