﻿52 
  DECIDUOUS 
  FRUIT 
  INSECTS 
  AND 
  INSECTICIDES. 
  

  

  BAGGING 
  THE 
  CLUSTERS. 
  

  

  In 
  some 
  parts 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  State 
  the 
  fruit 
  on 
  many 
  acres 
  of 
  Niagara 
  

   grapevines 
  is 
  protected 
  by 
  inclosing 
  each 
  cluster 
  in 
  a 
  paper 
  bag 
  

   immediately 
  after 
  blossoming. 
  The 
  bagging 
  of 
  clusters 
  of 
  this 
  

   variety 
  is 
  done 
  primarily 
  for 
  protection 
  against 
  rot. 
  This 
  method 
  of 
  

   control, 
  however, 
  involves 
  considerable 
  expense 
  and 
  while 
  very 
  

   effective 
  can 
  not 
  be 
  employed 
  as 
  a 
  means 
  of 
  protection 
  except 
  on 
  

   choice 
  table 
  varieties, 
  and 
  hence 
  will 
  not 
  appeal 
  to 
  the 
  large 
  producers 
  

   of 
  grapes 
  for 
  wine 
  or 
  grape-juice 
  purposes. 
  

  

  HAND 
  PICKING 
  INFESTED 
  BERRIES. 
  

  

  By 
  hand 
  picking 
  the 
  infested 
  berries 
  from 
  the 
  clusters 
  in 
  July 
  and 
  

   early 
  August 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  brood 
  may 
  be 
  greatly 
  reduced. 
  

   The 
  infested 
  green 
  berries 
  are 
  made 
  conspicuous 
  by 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  a 
  

   purple 
  spot 
  at 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  entrance 
  of 
  the 
  larvae. 
  Sometimes 
  the 
  

   berry 
  cracks 
  open 
  and 
  again 
  several 
  small 
  berries 
  may 
  be 
  tied 
  together 
  

   by 
  a 
  silken 
  web 
  (see 
  PI. 
  V, 
  fig. 
  2). 
  Before 
  the 
  berries 
  in 
  the 
  cluster 
  

   are 
  large 
  enough 
  to 
  touch 
  each 
  other 
  the 
  infested 
  berries 
  may 
  be 
  

   readily 
  discerned, 
  but 
  at 
  a 
  later 
  date 
  it 
  is 
  necessary 
  either 
  to 
  handle 
  

   each 
  cluster 
  or 
  to 
  examine 
  the 
  fruit 
  from 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  trellis. 
  

   The 
  infested 
  berries 
  collected 
  in 
  this 
  way 
  should 
  be 
  removed 
  from 
  the 
  

   vineyard 
  and 
  the 
  larvae 
  destroyed. 
  This 
  may 
  be 
  done 
  by 
  immersing 
  

   the 
  berries 
  in 
  a 
  kettle 
  of 
  boiling 
  water 
  or 
  burying 
  them 
  beneath 
  

   several 
  inches 
  of 
  soil. 
  

  

  REMOVAL 
  OF 
  " 
  TRIMMINGS.' 
  7 
  

  

  During 
  the 
  past 
  few 
  years 
  it 
  has 
  become 
  a 
  common 
  practice 
  to 
  pick 
  

   and 
  pack 
  the 
  fruit 
  in 
  baskets 
  in 
  the 
  vineyard. 
  In 
  this 
  case 
  the 
  

   "wormy" 
  berries 
  are 
  removed 
  from 
  the 
  clusters 
  and 
  allowed 
  to 
  fall 
  

   to 
  the 
  ground 
  and 
  thus 
  the 
  larvae 
  infesting 
  them 
  remain 
  in 
  the 
  vine- 
  

   yard 
  to 
  infest 
  the 
  crop 
  during 
  the 
  next 
  season. 
  A 
  better 
  method 
  

   which 
  is 
  practiced 
  b} 
  T 
  some 
  vineyardists 
  is 
  to 
  have 
  each 
  picker 
  carry 
  

   an 
  extra 
  basket 
  into 
  which 
  these 
  infested 
  "trimmings" 
  can 
  be 
  placed 
  

   and 
  be 
  removed 
  from 
  the 
  vineyard 
  and 
  destroyed. 
  If 
  the 
  badly 
  

   infested 
  portions 
  of 
  vineyards 
  are 
  harvested 
  at 
  the 
  very 
  opening 
  of 
  

   the 
  picking 
  season 
  many 
  larvae 
  can 
  be 
  destroyed 
  in 
  this 
  way. 
  At 
  a 
  

   later 
  date 
  in 
  the 
  harvesting 
  season 
  this 
  removal 
  of 
  the 
  worm-injured 
  

   berries 
  from 
  the 
  vineyard 
  will 
  not 
  be 
  very 
  effective, 
  for, 
  as 
  previously 
  

   explained, 
  practically 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  have 
  then 
  left 
  the 
  fruit. 
  

  

  EXPERIMENTS 
  WITH 
  POISON 
  SPRAYS. 
  

  

  VINEYARD 
  EXPERIMENTS 
  WITH 
  POISON 
  SPRAYS 
  IN 
  1907. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  spring 
  of 
  1907 
  an 
  experiment 
  was 
  undertaken 
  in 
  the 
  vine- 
  

   yard 
  of 
  Mr. 
  W. 
  S. 
  Wheeler 
  at 
  North 
  East, 
  Pa. 
  (see 
  fig. 
  17). 
  In 
  1906 
  

   and 
  for 
  several 
  seasons 
  previous 
  the 
  fruit 
  in 
  sections 
  of 
  the 
  vineyard 
  in 
  

   which 
  this 
  experiment 
  was 
  conducted 
  had 
  been 
  very 
  badly 
  infested 
  by 
  

   this 
  insect. 
  

  

  