﻿THE 
  GRAPE-BERKY 
  MOTH. 
  65 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  vineyard 
  where 
  the 
  infestation 
  has 
  been 
  heavy 
  during 
  previous 
  

   seasons. 
  The 
  time 
  of 
  this 
  second 
  application 
  is 
  approximately 
  from 
  

   June 
  20 
  to 
  30. 
  

  

  The 
  third 
  application 
  should 
  be 
  made 
  when 
  the 
  berries 
  are 
  about 
  

   the 
  size 
  of 
  buckshot 
  (see 
  PI. 
  VIII, 
  fig. 
  1). 
  If 
  the 
  foliage 
  is 
  dense, 
  the 
  

   "trailer" 
  method 
  of 
  application 
  should 
  be 
  employed, 
  and 
  if 
  the 
  grape 
  

   leafhopper 
  is 
  at 
  all 
  numerous 
  the 
  tobacco 
  extract 
  should 
  be 
  added 
  to 
  

   control 
  the 
  latter 
  insect. 
  The 
  time 
  of 
  this 
  third 
  application 
  is 
  

   approximately 
  from 
  July 
  5 
  to 
  15. 
  

  

  The 
  poison-spray 
  treatments 
  recommended 
  against 
  the 
  grape 
  root- 
  

   worm 
  are 
  also 
  covered 
  by 
  the 
  second 
  and 
  third 
  applications 
  against 
  the 
  

   grape-berry 
  moth. 
  

  

  It 
  should 
  be 
  distinctly 
  understood 
  by 
  the 
  vineyardist 
  that 
  the 
  

   arsenate 
  of 
  lead 
  is 
  the 
  active 
  killing 
  agent 
  employed 
  against 
  the 
  

   larvae 
  of 
  the 
  grape-berry 
  moth 
  and 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  applied 
  with 
  the 
  Bor- 
  

   deaux 
  mixture, 
  which 
  is 
  a 
  fungicide, 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  avoid 
  the 
  duplication 
  

   of 
  applications. 
  

  

  Where 
  a 
  considerable 
  number 
  of 
  infested 
  grape 
  berries 
  are 
  observed 
  

   on 
  vineyard 
  areas 
  that 
  received 
  a 
  poison-spray 
  application 
  before 
  

   the 
  grape 
  blossoms 
  opened, 
  and 
  a 
  heavy 
  double 
  application 
  after 
  the 
  

   berries 
  had 
  formed, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  necessary 
  to 
  hand 
  pick 
  the 
  infested 
  

   berries 
  during 
  the 
  latter 
  part 
  of 
  July 
  before 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  

   first 
  brood 
  have 
  fully 
  developed. 
  By 
  removing 
  these 
  larva? 
  from 
  the 
  

   vineyard 
  and 
  destroying 
  them 
  by 
  immersing 
  the 
  infested 
  berries 
  in 
  

   boiling 
  water, 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  infestation 
  by 
  the 
  second 
  brood 
  of 
  

   larvae 
  may 
  be 
  greatly 
  reduced. 
  

  

  Should 
  only 
  limited 
  areas 
  of 
  the 
  vineyard 
  prove 
  to 
  be 
  seriously 
  

   infested 
  at 
  the 
  approach 
  of 
  the 
  picking 
  season, 
  as 
  frequently 
  occurs, 
  

   it 
  is 
  suggested 
  that 
  the 
  vineyardist 
  remove 
  the 
  fruit 
  from 
  these 
  

   vines 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  possible, 
  for 
  in 
  doing 
  so 
  he 
  may 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  remove 
  

   a 
  good 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  front 
  the 
  vineyard 
  which 
  would 
  otherwise 
  

   remain 
  there 
  to 
  reinfest 
  the 
  crop 
  of 
  the 
  succeeding 
  season. 
  

  

  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  control 
  methods 
  suggested 
  against 
  the 
  larvae, 
  

   special 
  efTort 
  should 
  be 
  made 
  to 
  destroy 
  the 
  pupae 
  which 
  pass 
  the 
  

   winter 
  in 
  the 
  fallen 
  leaves, 
  on 
  the 
  ground 
  beneath 
  the 
  trellis. 
  (See 
  

   fig. 
  22.) 
  As 
  previously 
  mentioned, 
  observations 
  made 
  during 
  this 
  

   investigation 
  indicate 
  that 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  the 
  pupae 
  over-winter 
  in 
  

   cocoons 
  made 
  upon 
  leaves 
  which 
  have 
  fallen 
  prematurely 
  to 
  the 
  

   ground 
  beneath 
  the 
  trellis. 
  These 
  leaves 
  are 
  frequently 
  stuck 
  to 
  the 
  

   soil 
  and 
  are 
  in 
  a 
  state 
  of 
  semidecay 
  before 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  foliage 
  lias 
  

   fallen 
  from 
  the 
  vines. 
  Hence 
  there 
  is 
  Little 
  likelihood 
  that 
  many 
  of 
  

   these 
  leaves 
  bearing 
  the 
  cocoons 
  will 
  be 
  blown 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  vineyard. 
  

   For 
  this 
  reason 
  ii 
  is 
  quite 
  probable 
  that 
  if 
  2 
  or 
  3 
  inches 
  of 
  soil 
  are 
  

   tin-own 
  under 
  the 
  trellis 
  in 
  late 
  fall 
  or 
  early 
  spring 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  pupa 
  1 
  

   may 
  be 
  destroyed 
  by 
  tins 
  operation. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  known 
  positively 
  that, 
  

  

  