﻿76 
  * 
  DECIDUOUS 
  FRUIT 
  INSECTS 
  AND 
  INSECTICIDES. 
  

  

  Egg 
  laying 
  had 
  begun 
  only 
  sparingly 
  on 
  March 
  21, 
  but 
  by 
  the 
  

   afternoon 
  of 
  March 
  23 
  many 
  eggs 
  could 
  be 
  found. 
  A 
  thorough 
  

   search 
  in 
  three 
  different 
  orchards 
  failed 
  to 
  show 
  any 
  larvae. 
  Oppo- 
  

   sition 
  was 
  at 
  its 
  height 
  about 
  March 
  23 
  to 
  30, 
  and 
  was 
  practically 
  

   over 
  by 
  April 
  5, 
  the 
  adults 
  having 
  mostly 
  disappeared 
  by 
  this 
  time. 
  

   The 
  females 
  seem 
  to 
  die 
  off 
  in 
  advance 
  of 
  the 
  males, 
  showing 
  about 
  

   the 
  same 
  comparative 
  difference 
  as 
  was 
  the 
  case 
  at 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  

   the 
  emergence. 
  On 
  April 
  3 
  and 
  4 
  as 
  high 
  as 
  eight 
  males 
  to 
  one 
  

   female 
  were 
  noted. 
  On 
  April 
  6, 
  two 
  orchards 
  were 
  closely 
  examined, 
  

   and 
  while 
  many 
  males 
  were 
  in 
  evidence 
  not 
  one 
  female 
  could 
  be 
  

   found. 
  

  

  THE 
  EGG. 
  

  

  Egg 
  laying 
  began 
  in 
  1910 
  about 
  March 
  16, 
  just 
  as 
  the 
  Black 
  

   Tartarian 
  cherries 
  were 
  beginning 
  to 
  open 
  first 
  blossoms. 
  The 
  females 
  

   oviposit 
  quite 
  freely 
  in 
  the 
  orchards, 
  always 
  on 
  blossoms 
  just 
  about 
  

   ready 
  to 
  spread 
  the 
  petals. 
  (See 
  PL 
  X, 
  fig. 
  1.) 
  The 
  greater 
  number 
  

   of 
  eggs 
  are 
  deposited 
  in 
  the 
  sepals 
  of 
  the 
  flower, 
  although 
  some 
  are 
  

   deposited 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  calyx 
  cup, 
  but 
  only 
  in 
  rare 
  cases 
  

   are 
  any 
  eggs 
  deposited 
  below 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  calyx 
  cup. 
  The 
  female 
  

   inserts 
  her 
  ovipositor 
  in 
  the 
  tissue, 
  usually 
  from 
  the 
  outside, 
  making, 
  

   for 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  insect, 
  a 
  rather 
  large, 
  deep 
  incision 
  and 
  placing 
  the 
  

   egg 
  in 
  the 
  opening 
  just 
  made. 
  The 
  egg 
  is 
  usually 
  placed 
  at 
  such 
  

   depth 
  that 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  seen 
  from 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  sepal. 
  

  

  The 
  egg 
  (fig. 
  23, 
  a) 
  is 
  0.5 
  mm. 
  long 
  by 
  0.3 
  mm. 
  wide, 
  whitish, 
  

   slightly 
  shiny, 
  and 
  somewhat 
  kidney-shaped. 
  

  

  Incubation. 
  — 
  Of 
  a 
  total 
  of 
  35 
  eggs 
  deposited 
  between 
  8 
  a. 
  m. 
  March 
  

   21 
  and 
  8 
  a. 
  m. 
  March 
  22, 
  27 
  had 
  hatched 
  by 
  8 
  a. 
  m. 
  March 
  25, 
  the 
  others 
  

   hatching 
  during 
  the 
  day. 
  Another 
  batch 
  of 
  four 
  eggs, 
  deposited 
  

   March 
  25, 
  hatched 
  March 
  30. 
  There 
  were 
  three 
  other 
  observations 
  

   in 
  which 
  the 
  eggs 
  hatched 
  in 
  five 
  days 
  after 
  oviposition. 
  Mr. 
  Braucher 
  

   reports 
  another 
  instance 
  of 
  eggs 
  that 
  were 
  deposited 
  on 
  March 
  28 
  

   hatching 
  in 
  the 
  afternoon 
  of 
  March 
  3 
  1 
  . 
  The 
  summary 
  of 
  these 
  records 
  

   together 
  with 
  many 
  field 
  observations 
  shows 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  time 
  re- 
  

   quired 
  for 
  incubation 
  to 
  vary 
  from 
  three 
  to 
  six 
  days, 
  averaging 
  from 
  

   four 
  to 
  five 
  days. 
  This 
  time 
  is 
  influenced 
  by 
  temperature 
  conditions, 
  

   as 
  eggs 
  kept 
  indoors 
  required 
  from 
  18 
  to 
  36 
  hours 
  longer 
  than 
  eggs 
  

   kept 
  outside. 
  The 
  time 
  of 
  hatching 
  coincides 
  very 
  closely 
  with 
  the 
  

   falling 
  of 
  the 
  petals 
  from 
  the 
  blossoms 
  of 
  the 
  variety 
  attacked. 
  

   Usually 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  deposited 
  at 
  or 
  just 
  prior 
  to 
  the 
  opening 
  of 
  the 
  

   petals 
  and 
  hatch 
  with 
  the 
  falling 
  of 
  the 
  petals. 
  One 
  very 
  interesting 
  

   observation 
  was 
  that 
  the 
  adults 
  invariably 
  deposit 
  their 
  eggs 
  at 
  this 
  

   stage 
  of 
  blossom 
  development 
  regardless 
  of 
  the 
  variety. 
  In 
  one 
  

  

  