﻿98 
  

  

  DECIDUOUS 
  FKUIT 
  INSECTS 
  AND 
  INSECTICIDES. 
  

  

  The 
  time 
  required 
  for 
  the 
  larvae 
  to 
  reach 
  maturity 
  was 
  determined 
  

   for 
  203 
  individuals, 
  as 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  Table 
  I. 
  The 
  average 
  time 
  for 
  

   all 
  larvae 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  28.05+ 
  days, 
  the 
  maximum 
  being 
  35 
  

   days 
  and 
  the 
  minimum 
  24 
  days. 
  

  

  The 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  larval 
  period 
  for 
  1912 
  was 
  doubtless 
  longer 
  than 
  

   during 
  a 
  normal 
  season. 
  The 
  weather 
  conditions 
  that 
  prevailed 
  

   throughout 
  the 
  spring 
  of 
  1912 
  were 
  to 
  some 
  degree 
  exceptional. 
  

   During 
  the 
  larval 
  development 
  from 
  May 
  4 
  to 
  17, 
  inclusive, 
  the 
  

   weather 
  was 
  exceptionally 
  cool, 
  the 
  maximum 
  temperatures 
  for 
  these 
  

   days 
  ranging 
  from 
  38° 
  to 
  76° 
  F. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  rearing 
  cages 
  the 
  larvae, 
  when 
  full 
  grown, 
  invariably 
  trans- 
  

   formed 
  into 
  pupae 
  in 
  the 
  rolled-up 
  leaves 
  upon 
  which 
  they 
  had 
  been 
  

   feeding. 
  In 
  a 
  few 
  cases 
  larvae 
  were 
  seen 
  pupating 
  on 
  the 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  

   cages. 
  In 
  the 
  field 
  larvae 
  usually 
  change 
  to 
  pupae 
  in 
  the 
  rolled-up 
  

   leaves. 
  In 
  a 
  few 
  instances 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  making 
  the 
  

   transformation 
  on 
  the 
  bark 
  of 
  the 
  trees, 
  where 
  no 
  protection 
  was 
  

   afforded 
  the 
  pupae. 
  

  

  PUPAL 
  STAGE. 
  

  

  The 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  pupal 
  period 
  for 
  128 
  individuals 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  

   following 
  table: 
  

  

  Table 
  II. 
  — 
  Length 
  of 
  pupal 
  stage 
  of 
  the 
  fruit-tree 
  leaf-roller. 
  Canon 
  City. 
  Colo.. 
  1912. 
  

  

  Date 
  

  

  larvae 
  

  

  pupated. 
  

  

  Number 
  

   of 
  pupae 
  

   under 
  ob- 
  

   servation 
  

   from 
  which 
  

   moths 
  

   emerged. 
  

  

  Moths 
  emerging 
  in 
  specified 
  days 
  

   from 
  date 
  of 
  pupation. 
  

  

  9 
  

  

  10 
  

  

  11 
  

  

  12 
  

  

  13 
  

  

  14 
  

  

  15 
  

  

  Total 
  

   num- 
  

   ber 
  of 
  

   days. 
  

  

  May 
  28 
  

   May 
  29 
  

   Mav 
  30 
  

   May 
  31 
  

   June 
  1 
  

   June 
  2 
  

   June 
  3 
  

   June 
  4 
  

   June 
  5 
  

   June 
  6 
  

   June 
  7 
  

   June 
  8 
  

   June 
  9 
  

   June 
  10 
  

   June 
  13 
  

  

  6 
  

  

  6 
  

  

  17 
  

  

  10 
  

  

  5 
  

  

  7 
  

  

  18 
  

  

  15 
  

  

  10 
  

  

  10 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  4 
  

  

  3 
  

  

  8 
  

  

  7 
  

  

  "2 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  .... 
  

  

  2 
  

   2 
  

  

  1 
  

   2 
  

   2 
  

   3 
  

   2 
  

   3 
  

   3 
  

   4 
  

   1 
  

   1 
  

  

  4 
  

   3 
  

   6 
  

   3 
  

   1 
  

  

  1 
  

   1 
  

   5 
  

   2 
  

   9, 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  2 
  

   1 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  ■l\ 
  ! 
  

  

  5 
  2 
  

  

  1 
  i 
  2 
  

  

  2 
  3 
  

  

  1 
  .... 
  

  

  3 
  ! 
  1 
  

  

  2 
  1 
  

  

  3 
  2 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  1 
  

   1 
  

   3 
  

   2 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  1 
  

   1 
  

   2 
  

   1 
  

  

  

  

  

  :; 
  

  

  1 
  

   1 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  :::::::. 
  

  

  

  2 
  

   3 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  

  

  

  4 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  128 
  8 
  

  

  27 
  

  

  46 
  ; 
  28 
  

  

  12 
  

  

  5 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  1,440 
  j 
  

  

  Average 
  time 
  for 
  all 
  individuals, 
  11.25 
  days. 
  

  

  The 
  earliest 
  larvae 
  to 
  pupate 
  were 
  observed 
  on 
  May 
  28, 
  and 
  the 
  

   latest 
  ones 
  on 
  June 
  13. 
  The 
  days 
  spent 
  in 
  the 
  pupal 
  state 
  varied 
  

   from 
  9 
  to 
  15 
  days, 
  the 
  average 
  for 
  128 
  individuals 
  being 
  11.25 
  days 
  

   as 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  Table 
  II. 
  ... 
  _ 
  

  

  