SECOND ANNUAL MEETING. 211 



The session then adjourned to meet as entomologists with the Entomological 

 Section of Jie American Association of Agricultural Colleges and Experiment 

 Stations at 2 p. m. 



October 7 — 8 p. m. The meeting was again called to order by the chairman 

 and the discussion of topic 7 continued. 



Mr. Fernald reported that in Massachusetts no certificate would be granted 

 so long as the San Jose scale, Diaspis pentagona, Aspidiotus, ostrewformis, 

 gypsy month, brown-tail moth, yellows, rosette, or black knot is found infest- 

 ing the stock. Crown gall, he stated, had not so far been found in Massa- 

 chusetts. 



Mr. Gossard reported that it was his practice in Florida to withhold certifi- 

 cate from the owner of premises infested with San Jose scale until the proper 

 steps had been taken to get rid of the pest by fumigation or otherwise. Diaspis 

 pentagona occurred in the State, but so far had not been found in the nurseries. 

 Citrus plants are commonly infested with various scale insects, but no definite 

 action had yet been taken with respect to such cases. White fly was generally 

 distributed as to render restrictive measures against it impracticable, but treat- 

 ment was recommended. 



In case of crown gall the owners were instructed to destroy all affected plants, 

 and root-knot infestation was also rejected. 



Mr. Hamilton stated that the prevailing rule in Pennsylvania was to grant 

 a certificate when the nursery was found apparently free from San Jose scale, 

 and to withhold the same when this pest was found. Mr. Butz, of the same 

 State, explained further that in cases of crown gall, woolly aphis, and some 

 other of the more injurious pests the nurserymen were requested to discard 

 badly affected stock. 



Mr. Burgess reported that in Ohio the presence in a nursery of the San Jose 

 scale, black knot, or peach yellows was sufficient ground for withholding cer- 

 tificate, and that plants infested with woolly aphis or affected with crown gall 

 were caused to be destroyed. He stated that the oyster-shell scale was doing 

 considerable damage in Ohio, and so far as practicable its dissemination on 

 nursery stock was prevented. 



Mr. Phillips reported that the practice in Virginia was to withhold certificate 

 from nurseries in which San Jose scale, black knot, or peach yellows was found 

 until the trouble was effectually eliminated. Peach yellows had not so far been 

 found in the nurseries, but diseased orchard trees in the neighborhood of a 

 nursery were caused to be destroyed before a certificate was granted. The 

 same was true of black knot. He stated further that severe cases of crown 

 gall, woolly aphis, and pear blight were not admitted under certificate. Plants 

 actually showing the presence of such pests were rejected. 



Mr. Forbes required the Illinois inspectors to send in a statement of every 

 pest found in the nursery, and before a certificate was granted he required 

 the elimination of the San Jose scale and black knot. Precautions were taken 

 to avoid sending out borers, woolly aphis, crown gall, and pear blight. Plants 

 infested with woolly aphis to the extent of causing warty formations on the 

 roots were discarded, and so also were plants visibly affected with crown gall. 

 Crown gall was common on apple in Illinois, but was not found on peach. 

 Noticeable infestation of the scurfy scale and bad cases of oyster-shell scale 

 were rejected. 



Mr. Engle, of Pennsylvania, suggested that in these discussions one important 

 insect — the black peach aphis — had been overlooked, and that, in his opinion, 

 all inspectors should rule against this pest. 



Mr, Scott stated that in Georgia the presence of the San Jose scale, Diaspis 

 pentagona, black knot, or rosette would prevent the certification of a nursery : 



