EXPLOEATIONS IT^ CHIJSTA. 13 



tion of the entire Japanese Empire conducted by Japanese entomolo- 

 gists under the authority of the Imperial Agricultural Experiment 

 Station in Japan. The publication giving the results of this investiga- 

 tion" is a very interesting and valuable contribution to our knowledge 

 of the subject, and is illustrated b}^ numerous maps and figures. 



EXPLORATIONS IN CHINA. 



Investigations up to this point, while freeing Japan from the onus 

 of giving the San Jose scale to the world, left the problem unsettled 

 as to the original home of this insect. China remained as the most 

 likely place of origin, and the writer proceeded to China to continue 

 his explorations there. While in Japan a good deal of information 

 was gained relative to fruit conditions in China, from English, Ger- 

 man, and American residents who were spending the summer months 

 in Japan to escape the rather trying climate of China. In brief, it 

 ma}^ be stated that deciduous fruits are grown from the Shanghai 

 region northward, the peach being practically the only fruit grown to 

 any extent about Shanghai. The great apple district of China is the 

 region lying back of the city of Chifu in the north. This apple- 

 growing industr}^ was started man}^ 3^ ears ago by a missionary, Doctor 

 Nevius, and has assumed ver}^ considerable proportions and covers a 

 good deal of the province of Shantung. Below Shanghai the orange 

 and other subtropical fruits replace the deciduous varieties. North 

 of Chifu native fruits only are grown, consisting of the native pear 

 and peach, and such wild fruits as wild crab apples and an edible haw 

 apple. 



A very considerable exploration of the country lying immediately 

 back of Shanghai was made in the course of a long house-boat trip. A 

 great many peach orchards were examined and a good deal of mis- 

 cellaneous fruit and other plants growing about house yards were 

 inspected. Nowhere was there any evidence of the San Jose scale, 

 nor were scale insects of any sort much to be seen. The climate of 

 this region is unfavorable for such insects and they are normally 

 killed out b}^ fungous disease. The writer afterwards proceeded by 

 boat to Chifu — ^a five-day ocean trip from Shanghai, and made a con- 

 siderable exploration thruout the apple orchards of this region on 

 horseback, visiting, among others, the original orchards planted by 

 Doctor Nevius. In all these the San Jose scale was found scatteringly 

 present, not, however, doing any special damage, and probably not 

 enough to be noticed, if its possibility for evil was not so well estab- 

 lished. The presence of the San Jose scale in this region did not, 

 however, have slyij special significance, since much of the original 



a The San Jose scale in Japan, Imperial Agricultural Experiment Station, Tokyo, 

 1904. 



