LIFE HISTOEY. 



47 



second molt presents on the inside two longitudinal ridges running 

 from one end to the other, touching the sides of the pupa, and which 

 apparently enable the insect to move backward or forward and assist 

 the imago in pushing itself out. 



The true pupa (fig. 4, c^d) is pale yellow, sometimes purplish, darkest 

 about the base of the abdomen. The head, antennae, legs, wing pads, 

 and st3de are well formed, but almost colorless. The antennae reach 

 as far back as the second pair of legs and are not curved under, as 

 formerly, but lie close to the sides of the body with the ends free. 

 The first pair of legs is held forward, reaching slightlj^ beyond the 

 eyes, the middle femora projecting somewhat beyond the margin of 

 the abdomen. The hind legs are inclined backward and reach to the 

 end of the body. The style is rounded at tip, conical, and about as 

 long as the posterior tibiae. 



Fig. 5. — Aspldiotus perniciosus: adult male, greatly enlarged (from Howard and Marlatt). 



From four to six days later, or from twenty-four to twenty-six days 

 from birth, the males mature and back out from the rear end of their 

 scales, having previousl}", for a day or two, remained practically 

 developed but resting under the scale. They seem to issue chiefi}^ by 

 night or in the evening. 



The mature male (fig. 5) appears as a delicate two-winged fly-like 

 insect with long feelers and a single anal st3de projecting from the end 

 of the body; orange in color, with a faintl}^ dusky shade on the pro- 

 thorax. The head is darker than the rest of the body, the eyes are 

 dark purple, and the antennae, legs, and style are smok3^ The wings 

 are iridescent with*yellow and green, ver^' faintly clouded. 



Thirty da3\s from birth the females are full grown and the embryonic 

 young may be seen within their bodies, each inclosed in a delicate 

 8449— No. 62—06 4 



