60 ELLIOT SMITH, Distribution of Mummification. 



ences as to racial movements across Africa were based 

 solely upon the distribution and methods of mummifica- 

 tion, I have become acquainted with remarkable confirma- 

 tion of these views from two different sources. Frobenius, 

 in his book {t The Voice of Africa," 191 3 (see especially 

 the map on p. 449, Vol. II.), makes an identical delimi- 

 tation of the two spheres of influence from the east, 

 trans- and circum- African {i.e., via the Mediterranean) 

 respectively. 



Sir Harry Johnston (" A Survey of the Ethnography 

 of Africa," Journ. Roy. Anthr. Inst., 191 3, p. 384) supplies 

 even more precise and definite confirmation of the route 

 taken by the Egyptian culture-migration across Kordofan 

 to Lake Chad, thence to the Niger basin and "all parts of 

 West Africa." 



He adds further (pp. 412 and 413) : — " Stone worship 

 and the use of stone in building and sepulture extend 

 from North Africa southwards across the desert region to 

 Senegambia (sporadically) and the northern parts of the 

 Sudan, and to Somaliland. The superstitious use of stone 

 in connection with religion, burial and after-death memo- 

 rial, reappears again in Yoruba, in the North-West 

 Cameroons and adjoining Calabar region (Ekir-land)."" 



For the purpose of embalming the bodies of their dead 

 " the Baoule of the Ivory Coast remove the intestines, 

 wash them with palm wine or European alcohol, intro- 

 duce alcohol and salt into the body cavity, afterwards 

 replacing the intestines and stitching up the opening." 

 (Clozel and Villamur, quoted by Hartland, 32, p. 418-) 



Scattered around the western shores of the African 

 continent there are numerous ethnological features to 

 suggest that it has been subjected to the influence of the 

 megalithic culture spreading from the Mediterranean. 

 But there is no spot in which this influence and its 



