810 Capt. B. Alexander on the 
brown, with no tinge of rufous ; scapulars ashy grey, wing 
coverts and secondaries clear brown ; feathers of the breast 
with dark brown shaft-stripes^ and on each side a remarkable 
patch of dark cinnamon. 
85. Lanius smith I (Fraser). 
Lanius smitini Shelley & Buckley, Ibis, 1872, p. 288 (Cape 
Coast) ; Gadow, Cat. B. viii. p. 258 (1883) ; Reichen. J. f. O. 
1897, p. 33 (Togoland). 
Krachi and Pong. 
A common species from Krachi down to the coast, but 
not met with in the Hinterland. Young individuals- were 
found at the end of May. In the immature bird the breast 
and crown are the first to assume adult plumage. 
86. Lanius AUKicuLATUs (Mlill.). 
Lanius senator Reichen. J. f. O. 1891_, p. 386, et 1897, 
p. 33 (Togoland) ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. vi..p. 416 (Gambaga). 
Lanius auriculatus Gadow, Cat. B. viii. p. 283. 
Binduri, Gambaga, and Gomieri. 
In a young bird the white base to all the primaries is 
conspicuous, the black forehead is slightly indicated; while the 
crown, nape, and under parts are strongly vermiculated with 
brown, and the scapulars and rump are cream-coloured. This 
bird was killed on the 11th of March — a late date, if L. auricu- 
latus is considered to be only a winter visitor to West Africa. 
At the same time fuUv adult males were obtained, the last 
being procured on May 4, 1901. At Gambaga, in March, a 
pronounced visitation of males in full plumage took place. 
These were, no doubt, returning northward to Europe. Still 
it is quite possible, though further dates are required, that 
a certain number remain in Africa to breed. This would 
account for our young bird, almost in nestling-plumage, 
being obtained in March. 
87. Lanius badius Hartl. 
Phoneus badius Shelley, B. Afr. i. p. 52. 
Lanius badius Gadow, Cat. B. viii. p. 285 ; Hartert, Nov. 
Zool. vi. p. 415 (Gambaga). 
In our specimen the 5th, 6th, and 7th primaries have 
