12 PLANT-BUGS INJURIOUS TO COTTON BOLLS. 



stainer is again referred to. The same author in 1878 '^ figures and 

 mentions certain Heteroptera found on cotton, including Nezara 

 pennsijlvanica De Geer, Euschistus punctipes Say, and Leptoglossus 

 phyllopus L. Professor Comstock, in his report for 1879,^ reviews 

 what was then known about the cotton stainer and gives an account 

 of its first appearance as an orange pest, stating that the principal 

 injury to this fruit was done where cotton was planted in close prox- 

 imity to the orange groves. In Professor Comstock's Report on 

 Cotton Insects,^ published in 1879, the green soldier-bug (Nezara 

 Tiilaris) is credited with being more or less beneficial in cotton fields, 

 owing to its reported destruction of cotton worms. The report of 

 Mr. E. A. Schwarz of the destruction of cotton in the Bahamas by 

 Dysdercus sutureTlus as observed by him in 1879^ is of special interest 

 on account of his description of the injury caused by this insect, and 

 will be referred to again in discussing the nature of the injury caused 

 by Heteropterous pests. In 1889 Riley and Howard^ gave the 

 most complete account of the cotton stainer that has been published. 

 Insect Life, in 1890,-^ contains a brief note to the effect that a corre- 

 spondent of the Division of Entomology had sent in specimens of 

 the green soldier-bug (Nezara Mlaris), reporting that they were dam- 

 aging cotton in Florida. Mr. F. W. Mally, in 1893,^ in his report on 

 the bollworm of cotton briefly described injury to cotton by Calocoris 

 rapidus and Largus ductus H. Schf. In a paper entitled ''Notes on 

 cotton insects found in Mississippi," published in 1895,^ the late Dr. 

 Wm. H. Ashmead gave brief notes on a number of Heteroptera which 

 he had collected on cotton, including several actually observed feeding 

 on the boll. A report of damage to cotton in Peru by one of the cotton 

 stainers (Dysdercus ruficoUis) was noted by Dr. L. O. Howard in 

 1900,* in a Miscellaneous Results bulletin of this office, and a similar 

 report of damage by the St. Andrews cotton stainer in Cuba was 

 noted by Mr. W. D. Hunter,-'' in a bulletin of the same series pub- 

 lished in 1902. Extensive damage to cotton in Mexico in 1903 by 

 the Pentatomid bug known as the conchuela (Pentatoma ligata Say) 

 led the following year to a preliminary investigation of this pest, 

 which was reported by the author in a previous bulletin of this 



"Manuscript Notes from My Journal, PI. XVI. 



& Report of Commissioner of Agriculture for 1879, pp. 203-204, 



c Report on Cotton Insects, p. 167. 



^ Report on Cotton Insects, pp. 348-349. 



« Insect Life, Vol. I, pp. 234-241. 



/Insect Life, Vol. Ill, p. 403. 



gBul. 29, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 31. 



/I Insect Life, Vol. VII, pp. 320-321. 



^Bul. 22, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 100. 



iBul. 38, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., p. 106. 



