EXAMPLES OF MOSQUITO EXTERMINATIVE MEASURES. 113 



At Worcester, Mass., an interesting crusade was begun early under 

 the direction of Dr. William McKibben and Prof. C. F. Hodge. In 

 Michigan work was carried on upon the campus of the Mchigan Agri- 

 cultural College. In Connecticut work was earlier done at Pine 

 Orchard and Ansonia, as well as at Bridgeport, Branford, Fairfield, 

 and Hartford; and in Maine at Old Orchard Beach. Excellent work 

 was also done at a very early date at Lawrence, Long Island, largely 

 against malarial mosquitoes, under the auspices of the board of 

 health, working with an appropriation of $1,000 and with a pri- 

 vately contributed fund of $1,678.84. A small crusade was also 

 carried on at an early date under the auspices of the civic committees 

 of the Twentieth Century Club at Richmond Hill, Long Island. In 

 the Southern States the boards of health of Atlanta and Savannah 

 began work in 1903 and certain regulations were enforced. At Talla- 

 dega, Ala., work was also begun in the same year. The excellent 

 work done at Morristown, N. J., under an improvement society in 

 1903 should not be forgotten. 



The work which has been done in Cuba and in the Isthmian Canal 

 Zone has been elsewhere described. In the Territory of Hawaii work 

 was begun in Honolulu in 1903 against the local mosquito plague. 

 It should be stated that Anopheles mosquitoes are not known in 

 Hawaii, and that although the yellow fever mosquito occurs there in 

 numbers the disease has never been introduced. A general cam- 

 paign, however, was begun under the auspices of the board of health 

 and commercial bodies of Honolulu, and a meeting was held on August 

 15, at which a citizens' committee of Honolulu was organized to work 

 in cooperation with the board of health and to be supported by sub- 

 scriptions. The president of the board of health was made chairman 

 of the committee, and a salaried agent was placed in charge of the 

 work. A campaign was continued for a year and a half, at a cost of 

 nearly $3,000, donated entirely by public-spirited citizens. With the 

 help of this fund the citizens' committee demonstrated conclusively 

 that it was possible to rid the city of the mosquito nuisance. Contin- 

 uation of the work, however, on the basis of private subscriptions, 

 was found impracticable, and later the work was turned over to the 

 board of health and an item of $7,200 to continue the campaign for 

 two years was proposed for the regular appropriation bill of that 

 department of the territorial government at the session of the next 

 legislature. The item, however, did not receive the indorsement of 

 the administration in the interests of economy, and the board of 

 health since that time has relied upon money from private subscrip- 

 tions and carried on the work as actively as possible with the small 

 amount gathered both in Honolulu and other districts of the island. 

 In the course of this work mosquito-eating fish were introduced, as 

 shown in the chapter on utilization of natural enemies of mosquitoes, 

 37713— Bull. 88—10 8 



