18 



THE GKAPE ROOT-WOKM. 



marks of the beetles are quite characteristic, consisting of round 

 patches eaten into the parenchyma from the upper surface of the 

 leaves. It is a very shy little creature, and on the slightest dis- 

 turbance jumps off and hides beneath the foliage. Young vineyards 

 when infested should be promptly sprayed with a mixture of from 

 5 to 8 pounds of arsenate of lead to 100 gallons of water. This 

 gives the plants a very good protection. The earlier stages of this 

 insect are not known. 



The grapevine Colaspis (Colaspis hrunnea Fab.) (fig. 7) in its gen- 

 eral appearance resembles the grape root- worm beetle. It is, how- 

 ever, slightly smaller, has no 

 pubescence, and is of a pale yel- 

 lowish color. It is nearly one- 

 fifth of an inch long, with the 

 body densely punctate. On the 



Fig. 6.— The redheaded Systena (Systena fron- Fig. 7.— The grapevine Colaspis (Colaspis hrunnea): 

 talis): Adult or beetle. Much enlarged. Adult or beetle. Much enlarged. (Original.) 

 (Original.) 



wing covers the deep punctures are arranged in double longitudinal 

 rows or striae. The beetle feeds upon the grape foliage in a manner 

 more or less similar to that of the grape root-worm beetle. 



It is not within the scope of this paper to treat the various insect 

 problems, such as those of the grape leafhopper {TypJilocyha comes 

 Say), the grapeberry moth (Polychrosis viteana Clem.), the grape cur- 

 culio (Craponius indequalis Say), and others, which from time to time 

 confront the vineyardist. These pests demand special treatment, 

 and in cases of serious infestation an entomologist should be con- 

 sulted. It has I however, been our observation that well cultivated 



