72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AXX ARBOR MEETIXG 



OBSERVATIONS OX COAL SWAMPS IN NORTHERN WEST VIRGINIA WHERE 



PERMIAN CONDITIONS PREVAIL 



BY JOHX L. TILTOX 



(Abst?-act) 



Observations in iiortliern West Virginia tlie past two seasons emphasize the 

 idea of extensive swamps, of mushy constituency beneatli the surface, surface 

 covering reedlike, tlie growing surface creeping out into bodies of water gen- 

 erally fresh, where fresh-water limestone is in process of deposition. Low, 

 fernlike plants (Cycadofilicales) are crowding out from the shore and distant 

 trees (tree-ferns?) are rising from the low upland. There is no large growth 

 out upon the swamp at a distance from the shore. The large growths (tree- 

 ferns?) are here confined to the margins of the swamps and to higher ground. 

 The unusual view of a carboniferous swamp is thus the 'one that fits here 

 where Permian conditions prevail, not the view of a carboniferous swamp that 

 is commonly pictured. 



Presented in abstract extemporaneously. 



FURTHER CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE CRETACEOUS OF 



TEXAS AND NORTHERN MEXICO 



BY ROBERT T. HILL 



i Abstract) 



A. Important axd xewly discovered Contact Discoxformities at the Base 

 AXD Top of the Gulf Series, or Upper Cretaceous, in North Texas 



During the past year I have had the pleasure of discovering in north Texas 

 two important nnd hitherto undiscovered contacts, one each at the base and 

 top of the Gulf series, or Upper Cretaceous (American usage), of the Texas 

 region which had long been suspected to exist, but which, owing to the uncon- 

 solidated and concealed character of exposures, have not hitherto been dis- 

 covered. 



One of these contacts records a disconformity between the top of the Co- 

 manche series and the base of the Gulf series, and the other, 85 miles directly 

 east, records a similar disconformity between the top of the Gulf series and 

 the base of the Midway formation of the Eocene Tertiary. 



The first locality is situated on the north outer bluff of Denton Creek valley, 

 in southern Denton County, about five miles east of Roanoke. It distinctly 

 shows a disconformity between a Ruda-like foi-mation of limestone, with chnr- 

 acteristic fossils, which here reoccurs in the top of the Grayson marls of the 

 Comanche series and the base of the Woodbine. The molluscan fauna or spe- 

 cies of the former is not known to cross into the latter. This contact is 

 usually obscured by slump in north Texas and has hitherto been considered 

 not proven. Its discovery settles the question of the identity of upper terminal 

 beds of the Comanche series of north Texas with the Buda limestone of the 

 Austin section, and demonstrates that the Woodbine formation lies completely 

 above the latter and is not contemporaneous with it, as has been widely pub- 

 lished by Bose and others. 



