234 



C. K. LOXGWELL KOBER S THEORY OF OROGENY 



space — the Zwischengebirge — is relatively little deformed. Elsewhere, 

 as north of the Adriatic or west of the Balkan arc, the border ranges are 

 pressed back to back, with no intervening space. Due to nneqnal stresses 

 or parth' to an original irregular course of the orogen, there are local 

 deep embayments where ranges of the same system face each other. The 

 most pronounced of these irregularities is represented by the Apennines 

 and the Dinaric Alps. 



Kober's orogen ^ of the Mediterranean type is represented in section 

 as well as in plan by figure 2. The degree of bilateral symmetry shown 

 in the diagram is, of course,- ideal, but with certain modifications we- 

 may consider that the section is taken on a northeast-southw^est line 

 through the Carpathians, the plains of Hungary, and the Dinaric Alps. . 

 Figure 3 represents a section farther west and more nearly in a north- 



FiGURE 2. — Blockdiagramm eines normalen {ericeiterten) Orogen 

 Kober's figure 30. page 166. 



south direction, crossing the East Alps and the Dinaric Alps. This- 

 part of the orogen has suffered such extreme deformation, that the rocks^ 

 of the middle zone (Zwischengebirge) are either incorporated in the 

 overfolded borders or depressed into the depths. Folds have been 

 squeezed into recumbent sheets or "decken," which are most pronounced 

 in the East Alps, but also reach south w^ard into the Dinarides. In con- 

 trast with the normal section, the separation between the two systems of 

 border ranges is marked by a mere line or cicatrix. The Narben (cica- 

 trix) type of structure characterizes the narrow segments of the orogen, 

 which alternate with broader segments characterized by the Zivischenge- 

 hirge type (see figure 1). 



^ To afiford a complete representation of his type orogen ttie diagram siiould also 

 include foredeeps outside of and paralleling the border ranges. 



