FOREIGN RESEARCHES AND DISCOVERIES 413 



tocene of Cuba and Porto Eico, with fragmentary data on the Pleistocene 

 faiina of Hispaniola and Jamaica. The especial interest of these insular 

 faunas lies in their source and paleogeographic bearings. South America 

 affords an immense field for exploration, but since the death of Florentino 

 Ameghino there is but little progress to record. The explorations begmi 

 by the Field Museum will, it is hoped, initiate a new period of advance 

 in our knowledge of the paleontologic history of this continent. 



In Africa considerable reconnaissance work has been done at various 

 points, but beyond the Tendaguru and Karroo discoveries already noted, 

 the only finds which can be noted here are the Cretaceous dinosaurs dis- 

 covered by Stromer in the Libyan desert.^^ These are of quite a remark- 

 able type — Sauropods and a peculiar carnivorous genus — the fauna pos- 

 sibly having descended from the Wealden fauna ; but careful comparative 

 study is still needed. 



In India Doctor Matley has obtained an interesting Cretaceous dino- 

 saur fauna from the Deccan, but only preliminary notices of it have as 

 yet been published.^^ The chief advance in Indian paleontology is the 

 admirable stratigraphic and faunal work of Pilgrim in sorting out and 

 correlating the heterogeneous group of faunas hitherto known as the 

 Siwalik fauna. ^^ The splendid collections of these faunas recently se- 

 cured by Barnum Brown for the American Museum deserve special men- 

 tion, as also the discovery of Oligocene and Eocene faunas in Baluchistan 

 and Burma by Cooper, Pilgrim, and Cotter. The gigantic ''Baluchi- 

 theriwn/' of which parts of the skeleton were discovered by Cooper,^^ is 

 perhaps the largest known land mammal. Borissiak has reported what 

 seems to be the same animal in Russia, under the name of Indricothe- 

 rium,^^ and last summer the American Museum secured a complete skull, 

 nearly five feet in length, in Mongolia.**^ 



The results of the American Museum explorations in Mongolia are 

 probably the most important discovery of the last decade. Central Asia 



35 E. stromer: (1914, 1917.) Wirbelthier-Reste der Baharije-Stiife. Abh. Kgl. Bay. 

 Akad. Wiss., xxvii, 3* Abh. ; xxviii, 3^ u. 8* Abb. 

 3^0. A. Matley: (1922.) Personal communications. 

 B. BroAvn : (1920-23.) Aft lit. 



37 G. E. Pilgrim: (1912.) Vert. Fauna of tbe Gaj Series. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, 

 vol. iv, no. 2, pp. 1-84, pis. i-xxx ; 1913, Correlation of the Siwaliks with Mammal Hori- 

 zons of Europe. Ilec. Geol. Surv. India, vol. xliii, pp. 264-326, pis. xxvi-xxviii. 



38 C. Forster Cooper: (1911.) Paraceratherium hiigtiense, a new genvTS of Rhinoce- 

 rotida^. Amer. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. viii, pp. 711-716, pi. x; 1913, Tliaumastotherhmi- 

 [corr, to Baluchitherium] osborni, a new genus of Perissodactyles, Ibid., vol. xii, pp, 

 376-381. 



39 A. Borissiak: (1915.) Rhinoceros de la Taille d'un Mammoth. {IndricotherhDU. 

 new genus.) Geological Messenger, vol. 1, pp. 131-134 (Russian text only). 



^" H. F. Osborn : (1923.) Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. — . (In press.) 



