BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 

 Vol. 34. pp. 499-506 September 30. 1923 



GLACIAL LAKE PROBLEMS ^ 



BY GEORGE H. CHADWICK 



(Presented before the Socuty Decemher SO, 1922) 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Lake Wayne and Lake Yanuxem 49fJ 



Lake Lundy ( ?) outlet oOl 



Restoration of Lake Amsterdam oOl 



Eastward reach of Lake Arkona 502 



Westward reach of Lake Newberrj^ 502 



A new Genesee lake 503 



Hudson Valley lakes 503 



Lake Vermont and Lake Emmons 503 



The Algonquin lakes 504 



Correlation chart 505 



Cattaraugus lakes 505 



Some preglacial rivers 505 



Lake Wayne and Lake Yanuxem 



Year by year the story of the Laurentian glacial lakes grows more 

 complicated. The steadily falling waters of our youthful innocence are 

 being replaced by a pulsating rise and fall due to rhythmic oscillations 

 of the ice-front. One of these pulsations was long ago recognized by 

 FairchihP in his "free drainage'' stage of lowered escape followed by the 

 restoration of "Lake Yanuxem.'' Fairchild has frequently predicted that 

 the real history would prove to be more complex than existing knowledge 

 revealed. 



Leverett and Taylor's recent exposition' of the caprices of the ice on 

 the thumb of Michigan instantly involves western and central Xew York, 

 for the moment the water levels fell below the Grand River outlet they 

 must go out by the Mohawk. The control channels of ''Lake Wa}'ne'*' 

 must be sought at either Batavia or Syracuse. 



Herein is introduced a new element in the recoc^nized Xew York lake 



* Manuscript received by the Secretary of the Society May 1, 1923. 



2 Bull. 118, N. y. State Museum, p. 80 ; Bull. 127, N. Y. State Museum, pp. .o0-o9. 



2 Mon. LIII, U. S. Geol. Survey, pp. .364-370. 



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