LAKE WAYNE AXD LAKE YAXUXEM 501 



through the "Gulf/' while the Erie Basin waters were obstructed at 

 Batavia and thrown back on the Grand River outlet as Lake Warren. 

 This ice advance would obliterate the earlier channels at Batavia, but 

 there is still the old difficulty of getting the Warren level eastward again 

 past this point without a trace. 



Lake LuxDY (?) Outlet 



With the Wayne outlet at Marcelius (Syracuse), the fate of the Erie 

 Basin waters during the "free drainage" interval remains to be consid- 

 ered. Following westward (upstream) the capacious channels of this 

 stage, and noting their extensive delta deposits where they cross the 

 Genesee and similar valleys, one is impressed with the belief that they 

 carried more than local flow. At their upper end, north of Le Roy, the 

 channel is a splendid rock-cut, over a mile long, a hundred feet deep, and 

 a quarter mile wide. Its col appears to have been originally some 20 feet 

 or more under the plane of the neighboring Dana beaches, but to have 

 been somewhat silted up during the Dana stage.^ Back of this broad 

 intake at Fort Hill, with present altitude about 680 feet, must have lain 

 a huge lake, stretching to Detroit, hitherto unrecogTiized as such. Its 

 close correspondence in level suggests that its beaches in the Erie Basin 

 liave been confused with those of the long subsequent Lake Dana. 

 Spencer in 1894^ described the Lundy beach and once incidentally used 

 the expression "the Lundy lake," a name which thus seems to have no 

 standing as against the properly proposed and worthy name of Lake 

 Dana, subsequently given by Fairchild to his Geneva beach.* But should 

 it appear on further study that the Lundy beach correlates with the Fort 

 Hill channel, as is very possible, then both names will stand. Indeed, 

 the Belcoda and other channels on the same meridian may eventually 

 explain other features in the complex of beaches at this general horizon 

 in the Erie Basin. 



Restokation or Lake Amsterdam 



During the "free drainage" stage the Mohawk Yalley was necessarily 

 iinblocked at the east, giving passage to Fairchild's "glacio-Mohawk 

 River." But Fairchild has shown^ that the east-leading channels of sub- 

 sequent date from lowering Warren and Dana terminate east of Syracuse 



^ See map, Bull. 127, N. Y. State Museum, pi. 2. 



' Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. 47, pp. 207-212. Said to be 25 to 40 feet out of harmony with 

 Lake Dana, in U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 42, p. 772. 



« Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. 7, 1899. pp. 260-1 ; Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. 10. pp. 56-57. 



'■> Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. 7. 1899, p. 262 ; compare also .20th Ann. Rept. X. Y. State 

 •Geoloaist, pp. 112 et sea., pi. 16; Bull. 160. N. Y. State Museum, p. 32. 



