196 Mr. W. Brockbank on 



valley of the Kent, near Kendal, and the smaller "moraines" 

 or their detritus which nearly fill the valley thence to 

 Morecambe Bay ; (3) similar mounds near Shap, covering 

 about 200 acres, at an elevation of only 500 feet above the 

 sea ; and (4) the gravel mounds near Milnthorpe, and 

 thence to Lancaster, even including the hill on which 

 Lancaster Castle stands. 



Of these, the finest example of glacier action is that in 

 the Kentmere Valley, near Kendal, which is in all proba- 

 bility a true series of moraines, left directly by glaciers 

 which gathered in the group of mountains about Nan Bield 

 and Harter Fell, at the head of Haweswater. The 

 moraines described at Shap would have the same origin, 

 but they are by no means so remarkable. 



In the other instances, the mounds which are described 

 as moraines are situated far down the valleys, and in 

 those near Penrith, even below Ulleswater, and cannot be 

 considered true glacier moraines deposited by ice having 

 its origin in the snow-capped mountains and continuing in 

 the form of glaciers to these localities. 



Dr. Buckland proceeds thereafter to generalise further, by 

 describing the west coast of Cumberland — not from personal 

 observation, but from Fryer's map of the district — and he 

 assumes that the " conical hillocks " therein shown in the 

 valley of the Duddon, at the south base of Harter Fell, are 

 moraines ; and also that some on the right bank of the 

 Esk, at the east and west extremities of Muncaster Fell, 

 are also moraines, formed by glaciers which descended the 

 west side of Scawfell. These are pure surmises, and are 

 not borne out by the aspect of the valley at the points 

 named. 



Dr. Buckland's paper concludes with an account of the 

 manner in which the Shap granite has been distributed by 

 ice — a subject of great interest to Lancashire geologists. 

 Glaciers are again the agents, and he describes the courses 



