198 Mr. W. Brockbank on 



of Bliscoe and in the valley behind its summit, where Red 

 Tarn has its shores of hematite ore. The surrounding hills 

 all show red streaks in the brook courses, and the clay soil 

 in the vales below is frequently tinged to a blood-red colour 

 from these sources. 



Descending into Langdale we find the finest series of 

 moraines, just below Rossett Gill, at the point whence 

 diverge the bridle roads over Stake Pass into Borrowdale 

 and by Angle Tarn to Wastdale. At this point the valleys 

 from the shoulders of Bowfell and Langdale Pikes converge, 

 and five brook courses meet, so that glaciers would here be 

 abundantly fed from the lofty mountains above. 



The moraines at this point form the subjects of 

 the two water-colour drawings exhibited, which have 

 been made for the purpose by Mr. Hull. They are most 

 truthful representations, and give an excellent idea of 

 the scene. 



The moraines stretch across the valley in a very perfect 

 series of rounded knolls of huge boulders, rising some 40 or 

 50 feet above the stream, and forming at least three lines, 

 as if the glaciers had gradually receded at distant intervals 

 of time. The boulders are of hard porphyry and green- 

 stone of the surrounding mountains, intermixed with red 

 clay soil deeply tinged with hematite iron ore, which occurs 

 abundantly on the summit of Bowfell and on Rosset Gill- 

 There are many perched blocks on each side the valleys 

 above the moraines, which may possibly mark out the 

 track of the glaciers — and the rock surfaces, especially in 

 Rosset Gill, are much scored and polished. Altogether, the 

 Langdale moraines, although small, furnish the most perfect 

 example I have yet seen in England, and are, in all 

 probability, the remains of the last glaciers which existed 

 in this country after the valleys around Bowfell had 

 assumed almost their present form. Doubtless at some 

 earlier period the Langdale glaciers extended far down the 



