138 Anniversary Address. 



traversed gave an idea of its rocky structure. Here syenite, 

 which, according to Mr. Stevenson, sometimes passes into a true 

 granite, has lifted up, and on the sides of the hill pierced through, 

 the greywacke rocks. These rocks are well seen in the banks 

 of the river, to which they give a picturesque effect. Near to 

 the Giant's Leap several intruded trap rocks appear, showing 

 that the district had been subject to frequent disturbance from 

 volcanic upheavals and outbursts. In our route E din's Hall was 

 visited, one of the most curious remains of other times, standing 

 on a lower platform of Cockburnslaw, and overlooking the river. 

 Of this remarkable structure an able and elaborate description 

 has been given in a former Number of our Transactions by 

 Mr. Turnbull. We observed in one of the cells in the wall the 

 remains of what was originally a rude approximation to an arch, 

 such as is seen in a more complete state in the Aberdeenshire 

 "Weems," and in the "Picts' Houses" of Orkney. In these, 

 large stones overlap each other in succession, so that the walls 

 converge towards the top, and the whole was completed by a 

 single block covering the remaining space. Mr. Hardy has been 

 informed, that near the summit of the hill there was formerly a 

 hollow surrounded by stones, and called the "Pech's grave;" 

 these however have disappeared. The steep banks of the river 

 were covered with Vaccinium myrtillus, and the berries, which 

 were ripe and vastly abundant, furnished an agreeable refresh- 

 ment. Wild fruits generally have this year been plentiful. 

 Noops, the fruit of Rubus ChamcEinorus, have never been more 

 abundant on the Cheviot. Opposite to the Retreat we noticed 

 Polypodium phegopteris, Listera cordata, and Lycopodium cla- 

 vatum. 



After dinner, a paper was read from Dr. Baird, entitled " Some 

 Remarks upon Entozoa or Intestinal Worms, with a list of the 

 species at present known as occurring within the limits of the 

 Club." The evils which they inflict on mammalia and other 

 animals, and which are pointed out in this able paper, especially 

 the ravages they commit among sheep and cattle, render the 

 subject practically not unimportant. An observation of Dr. 

 Wolfring on the distribution of one group of them, the Hel- 

 minthes, shows that these humble creatures even have a con- 

 nexion with one of the great practical questions of the day, the 

 sanitary condition of a district ; for he found, that in the district 



