﻿30 
  TWENTY-FIRST 
  REPORT 
  ON 
  THE 
  STATE 
  CABINET. 
  

  

  everywhere 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  verdant 
  green 
  turf, 
  without 
  a 
  tree 
  or 
  a 
  

   "bush 
  anywhere 
  to 
  be 
  seen. 
  77 
  * 
  They 
  were 
  then 
  probably 
  living 
  near 
  

   the 
  mouth 
  of 
  Grand 
  river, 
  although 
  it 
  is 
  less 
  than 
  two 
  hundred 
  

   miles 
  below 
  the 
  old 
  Manclan 
  village. 
  

  

  After 
  the 
  nearly 
  total 
  destruction 
  of 
  the 
  Man 
  dans 
  in 
  1838, 
  and 
  

   the 
  abandonment 
  of 
  their 
  village, 
  as 
  before 
  stated, 
  the 
  Arickarees 
  

   moved 
  up 
  the 
  river 
  and 
  occupied 
  this 
  village 
  permanently 
  until 
  

   1861, 
  when 
  the 
  destruction 
  of 
  Fort 
  Clarke 
  by 
  fire 
  having 
  deprived 
  

   them 
  of 
  all 
  protection 
  against 
  the 
  Dakotas, 
  their 
  hereditary 
  ene- 
  

   mies, 
  they, 
  in 
  turn, 
  were 
  forced 
  to 
  its 
  abandonment. 
  They 
  moved 
  

   up 
  the 
  river 
  to 
  a 
  point 
  two 
  miles 
  above 
  the 
  Minnitaree 
  village, 
  

   and 
  on 
  the 
  opposite 
  or 
  southwest 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  where 
  I 
  found 
  

   them 
  in 
  1862 
  actively 
  engaged 
  in 
  the 
  construction 
  of 
  anew 
  village. 
  

   It 
  is 
  back 
  on 
  the 
  bluff, 
  about 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  from 
  the 
  river. 
  The 
  

   Minnitarees 
  urged 
  them 
  to 
  settle 
  on 
  their 
  side 
  and 
  make 
  common 
  

   cause 
  with 
  them 
  against 
  the 
  Dakotas 
  ; 
  but 
  they 
  refused, 
  assigning 
  

   as 
  a 
  reason 
  that 
  they, 
  and 
  their 
  ancestors 
  before 
  them, 
  had 
  always 
  

   lived 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  river, 
  where 
  they 
  thought 
  it 
  

   more 
  prudent 
  for 
  them 
  to 
  remain. 
  The 
  Arickarees 
  are 
  inferior 
  to 
  

   the 
  Mandans 
  physically, 
  intellectually 
  and 
  morally 
  ; 
  but 
  practice 
  

   many 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  religious 
  ceremonies 
  of 
  " 
  cord 
  swinging,' 
  7 
  

   " 
  dragging 
  the 
  horns,' 
  7 
  etc. 
  

  

  CO 
  o 
  ' 
  

  

  The 
  remote 
  affiliations 
  of 
  the 
  Pawnee 
  stock 
  must 
  be 
  sought 
  

   among 
  the 
  Indian 
  nations 
  of 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Mountain 
  range, 
  and 
  west- 
  

   ward 
  of 
  this 
  line, 
  rather 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  central 
  or 
  upon 
  the 
  eastern 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  continent. 
  

  

  These 
  brief 
  sketches 
  of 
  the 
  Mandans 
  and 
  Arickarees 
  have 
  been 
  

   introduced 
  to 
  show, 
  that 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  commencement 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  

   century, 
  they 
  had 
  substantially 
  been 
  shut 
  out 
  from 
  intercourse 
  

   with 
  our 
  people, 
  and 
  were 
  still 
  practicing 
  their 
  primitive 
  arts 
  and 
  

   ancient 
  usages. 
  Even 
  down 
  to 
  1829, 
  although 
  reached 
  before 
  that 
  

   time 
  by 
  the 
  traders, 
  they 
  were 
  so 
  remote 
  and 
  inaccessible, 
  that 
  

   trade 
  had 
  made 
  little 
  or 
  no 
  impression 
  upon 
  their 
  mode 
  of 
  

   life. 
  They 
  were 
  still 
  using 
  stone 
  mauls, 
  stone 
  hammers, 
  bone 
  

   implements 
  and 
  pottery 
  of 
  their 
  own 
  manufacture, 
  as 
  is 
  proven 
  

   by 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  these 
  articles 
  in 
  their 
  houses. 
  The 
  instances 
  

   are 
  rare, 
  however, 
  in 
  which 
  stone 
  implements 
  have 
  been 
  taken, 
  

   as 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  case, 
  so 
  nearly 
  direct 
  from 
  the 
  hands 
  of 
  their 
  

   original 
  proprietors. 
  

  

  * 
  North 
  American 
  Indians, 
  I, 
  316. 
  

  

  