﻿

  THE 
  STONE 
  AND 
  BONE 
  IMPLEMENTS 
  OF 
  THE 
  ARICKAREES. 
  31 
  

  

  The 
  stone, 
  bone 
  and 
  other 
  implements 
  and 
  utensils, 
  about 
  to 
  be 
  

   described, 
  I 
  procured 
  at 
  the 
  old 
  Mandan 
  village 
  above 
  named 
  in 
  

   the 
  year 
  1862, 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  now 
  in 
  my 
  collection. 
  

  

  Implements 
  and 
  Utensils. 
  

   Stone 
  Maul. 
  — 
  This 
  specimen 
  (Plate 
  I, 
  Fig. 
  1) 
  is 
  8 
  inches 
  long, 
  

   5| 
  inches 
  broad 
  and 
  4| 
  inches 
  thick. 
  It 
  is 
  oval, 
  flattened 
  and 
  quite 
  

   symmetrical 
  in 
  its 
  proportions, 
  and 
  weighs 
  12f 
  pounds. 
  The 
  stone 
  

   is 
  a 
  water- 
  worn 
  granite 
  pebble. 
  The 
  groove, 
  which 
  is 
  neatly 
  and 
  

   accurately 
  cut, 
  is 
  an 
  inch 
  wide 
  and 
  a 
  trifle 
  less 
  than 
  a 
  quarter 
  of 
  an 
  

   inch 
  deep. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  carried 
  entirely 
  round 
  the 
  stone, 
  but 
  inter- 
  

   rupted 
  for 
  the 
  width 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  at 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  one 
  side. 
  This 
  

   seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  left 
  to 
  save 
  labor, 
  and 
  also 
  to 
  indicate 
  the 
  han- 
  

   dle 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  stone. 
  When 
  mauls 
  are 
  perfect 
  in 
  form 
  and 
  

   unworn 
  by 
  actual 
  use 
  it 
  will 
  generally 
  be 
  found 
  that 
  the 
  groove 
  is 
  

   above 
  the 
  centre, 
  about 
  three-fifths 
  of 
  the 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  ham- 
  

   mer 
  face, 
  or 
  end, 
  wherefore 
  the 
  narrow 
  section 
  not 
  grooved 
  shows 
  

   at 
  once 
  which 
  end 
  was 
  selected 
  for 
  the 
  hammer 
  face, 
  and 
  which 
  for 
  

   the 
  handle 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  stone. 
  The 
  groove 
  is 
  designed 
  for 
  the 
  

   adjustment 
  of 
  a 
  withe 
  handle 
  in 
  its 
  cavhy, 
  asis 
  well 
  known, 
  which, 
  

   after 
  passing 
  around 
  the 
  stone, 
  has 
  its 
  two 
  parts 
  united 
  and 
  wound 
  

   with 
  raw-hide 
  to 
  form 
  a 
  handle. 
  As 
  the 
  withe 
  leaves 
  the 
  stone 
  on 
  

   the 
  handle 
  side 
  before 
  its 
  two 
  parts 
  come 
  together, 
  nothing 
  would 
  

   be 
  gained 
  by 
  carrying 
  the 
  groove 
  entirely 
  round 
  the 
  stone. 
  Its 
  

   omission 
  also 
  shows, 
  by 
  necessary 
  implication, 
  that 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  

   grooving 
  a 
  piece 
  of 
  granite 
  was 
  slow 
  and 
  laborious 
  in 
  the 
  Stone 
  

   Age. 
  Such 
  a 
  maul 
  as 
  this 
  would 
  be 
  useful 
  for 
  driving 
  stakes 
  and 
  

   posts, 
  or 
  other 
  work 
  where 
  a 
  heavy 
  blow 
  was 
  required. 
  The 
  

   ancient 
  miners 
  for 
  copper 
  on 
  Lake 
  Superior 
  used 
  mauls 
  of 
  this 
  

   kind 
  for 
  breaking 
  off 
  fragments 
  of 
  native 
  copper 
  from 
  the 
  mass. 
  

   This 
  implement 
  has 
  worn 
  down 
  but 
  little 
  on 
  the 
  hammer 
  face 
  ; 
  

   but 
  it 
  shows 
  some 
  use 
  by 
  a 
  slight 
  flattening 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  end. 
  It 
  

   belongs 
  to 
  the 
  class 
  of 
  stone 
  implements 
  distinguished 
  as 
  ham- 
  

   mers 
  ; 
  but 
  its 
  size 
  and 
  weight 
  seem 
  to 
  render 
  some 
  distinction 
  

   necessary 
  between 
  it 
  and 
  the 
  common 
  hammer. 
  Among 
  hammers 
  

   it 
  is, 
  at 
  least, 
  a 
  sledge-hammer. 
  In 
  Plate 
  II, 
  Fig. 
  1, 
  A, 
  the 
  handle 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  maul 
  is 
  shown 
  to 
  exhibit 
  the 
  section 
  not 
  grooved. 
  

  

  Stone 
  Maul 
  in 
  Handle 
  — 
  Plate 
  I, 
  Fig. 
  2. 
  — 
  This 
  maul 
  is 
  a 
  more 
  

   interesting 
  specimen 
  than 
  the 
  first, 
  because 
  it 
  is 
  complete, 
  just 
  as 
  

   it 
  was 
  used 
  by 
  the 
  Arickarees. 
  It 
  is 
  an 
  oval 
  stone, 
  more 
  flattened 
  

   than 
  the 
  one 
  last 
  described, 
  5| 
  inches 
  long, 
  5 
  inches 
  broad 
  in 
  its 
  f 
  

  

  