﻿THE 
  STONE 
  AND 
  BONE 
  IMPLEMENTS 
  OF 
  THE 
  ARICKAREES. 
  33 
  

  

  and 
  about 
  an 
  inch 
  and 
  a 
  quarter 
  of 
  the 
  stone 
  ; 
  the 
  seam 
  being 
  

   carried 
  along 
  the 
  upper 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  handle, 
  over 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  

   stone, 
  and 
  down 
  the 
  side 
  opposite 
  the 
  handle. 
  Two-thirds 
  and 
  

   more 
  of 
  the 
  stone 
  were 
  thus 
  encased 
  in 
  a 
  socket 
  Of 
  rawhide, 
  ad- 
  

   justed 
  to 
  it, 
  without 
  doubt, 
  in 
  a 
  green 
  state, 
  and 
  the 
  handle 
  itself 
  

   included 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  covering. 
  It 
  was 
  sewed 
  with 
  a 
  single 
  thread 
  

   of 
  sinew, 
  and 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  a 
  bone 
  awl, 
  the 
  thread 
  being 
  passed 
  

   through 
  the 
  skin 
  from 
  the 
  under 
  to 
  the 
  upper 
  surface 
  on 
  each 
  side, 
  

   alternately, 
  and 
  the 
  skin 
  drawn 
  to 
  a 
  close 
  seam. 
  Stretched 
  and 
  

   fitted 
  around 
  the 
  stone 
  in 
  this 
  manner, 
  when 
  the 
  hide 
  was 
  soft, 
  

   the 
  drying 
  and 
  shrinking 
  process 
  would 
  give 
  to 
  such 
  a 
  handle 
  

   great 
  strength. 
  It 
  is 
  so 
  firmly 
  held 
  and 
  so 
  strongly 
  secured 
  that 
  

   a 
  powerful 
  man 
  might 
  put 
  his 
  entire 
  strength 
  into 
  a 
  blow, 
  without 
  

   dislocating 
  the 
  handle. 
  For 
  efficiency 
  and 
  convenience, 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  

   much 
  more 
  perfect 
  instrument 
  than 
  we 
  would 
  suppose 
  could 
  be 
  

   made 
  of 
  stone. 
  The 
  hammer 
  face 
  shows 
  no 
  signs 
  of 
  chipping, 
  but 
  

   the 
  ordinary 
  signs 
  of 
  reduction 
  by 
  the 
  process 
  of 
  pulverization. 
  

   In 
  Fig. 
  4, 
  A, 
  PI. 
  II, 
  the 
  hammer 
  face 
  is 
  shown. 
  

  

  Stone 
  Hammer— 
  Fig. 
  5, 
  PI. 
  II. 
  — 
  This 
  a 
  fine-grained 
  granite 
  peb- 
  

   ble, 
  with 
  quartz 
  predominating, 
  and 
  worn 
  unusually 
  smooth. 
  It 
  is 
  

   5| 
  inches 
  long, 
  2 
  J 
  inches 
  broad, 
  and 
  2J 
  inches 
  thick. 
  The 
  groove 
  is 
  

   interrupted 
  for 
  an 
  inch 
  on 
  the 
  handle 
  side, 
  and 
  shallower 
  than 
  those 
  

   previously 
  described. 
  That 
  it 
  had 
  been 
  used 
  in 
  a 
  handle 
  seems 
  

   to 
  be 
  proved 
  by 
  the 
  fact, 
  that 
  the 
  hammer 
  face 
  is 
  worn 
  down, 
  and 
  

   also 
  the 
  opposite 
  end. 
  The 
  stone, 
  however, 
  is 
  inferior 
  in 
  quality 
  

   for 
  the 
  purpose 
  designed, 
  as 
  is 
  shown 
  by 
  its 
  chipping 
  in 
  two 
  

   places 
  on 
  the 
  hammer 
  face. 
  In 
  Catlin's 
  Work 
  on 
  the 
  North 
  Amer- 
  

   ican 
  Indians 
  (Phila. 
  ed. 
  1857, 
  2, 
  463), 
  there 
  is 
  an 
  engraving 
  of 
  a 
  

   group 
  of 
  several 
  Indians, 
  the 
  person 
  most 
  conspicuous 
  holding 
  in 
  

   his 
  hand 
  a 
  weapon 
  consisting 
  of 
  a 
  stone 
  like 
  this 
  in 
  size 
  and 
  form, 
  

   set 
  in 
  a 
  withe 
  handle. 
  It 
  was 
  undoubtedly 
  a 
  war-axe, 
  as 
  he 
  is 
  

   represented 
  in 
  full 
  costume 
  ; 
  and 
  it 
  serves 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  stones 
  

   thus 
  handled 
  were 
  used 
  as 
  weapons. 
  Among 
  our 
  people 
  a 
  common 
  

   name 
  for 
  a 
  stone 
  like 
  this, 
  when 
  found 
  grooved, 
  is 
  skuU-cr 
  'acker. 
  

   The 
  engraving 
  does 
  not 
  indicate 
  the 
  nationality 
  of 
  the 
  person, 
  but 
  

   from 
  the 
  text 
  it 
  is 
  rendered 
  probable 
  that 
  he 
  was 
  an 
  Osage 
  chief. 
  

  

  Stone 
  Hammer 
  — 
  Fig. 
  6, 
  PI. 
  III. 
  — 
  The 
  stone 
  is 
  a 
  granite 
  pebble, 
  

   of 
  a 
  reddish 
  brown 
  color, 
  5 
  inches 
  long, 
  3| 
  inches 
  broad, 
  3 
  inches 
  

   thick, 
  and 
  quite 
  symmetrical. 
  It 
  weighs 
  three 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  pounds. 
  

   The 
  groove, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  cases, 
  is 
  interrupted 
  on 
  the 
  handle 
  side 
  

  

  