﻿THE 
  STONE 
  AND 
  BONE 
  IMPLEMENTS 
  OF 
  THE 
  ARICKAREES. 
  35 
  

  

  opposite 
  side. 
  The 
  handle, 
  however, 
  is 
  so 
  adjusted 
  as 
  to 
  admit 
  

   of 
  a 
  blow 
  with 
  either 
  end, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  only 
  evidence 
  of 
  a 
  change 
  

   of 
  side 
  is 
  the 
  completion 
  of 
  the 
  groove. 
  

  

  Stone 
  Crusher 
  — 
  Fig. 
  10, 
  PI. 
  III. 
  — 
  The 
  form 
  given 
  to 
  this 
  im- 
  

   plement 
  is 
  in 
  part 
  artificial. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  nodule, 
  apparently, 
  of 
  lime- 
  

   stone. 
  Upon 
  the 
  back 
  side 
  the 
  hollowing 
  out 
  near 
  the 
  centre, 
  is 
  

   precisely 
  as 
  left 
  by 
  natural 
  causes, 
  whilst 
  in 
  front 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  

   ground 
  out 
  to 
  correspond, 
  probably 
  by 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  sand 
  and 
  w 
  T 
  ater. 
  

   The 
  evidence 
  that 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  cut 
  clown 
  by 
  artificial 
  means, 
  is 
  ap- 
  

   parent 
  upon 
  the 
  surface. 
  It 
  is 
  7 
  inches 
  long, 
  3 
  J 
  inches 
  broad, 
  and 
  

   2| 
  inches 
  thick, 
  in 
  its 
  greatest 
  dimensions 
  ; 
  and 
  2\ 
  inches 
  broad, 
  

   and 
  li 
  inch 
  thick 
  at 
  the 
  concavity. 
  It 
  was 
  undoubtedly 
  clasped 
  

   in 
  the 
  hand 
  and 
  used 
  to 
  crush 
  or 
  pulverize 
  hard 
  substances 
  in 
  amor- 
  

   tar, 
  or 
  upon 
  another 
  stone. 
  The 
  stone 
  is 
  quite 
  symmetrical 
  in 
  form, 
  

   and 
  the 
  hammer 
  face 
  shows 
  unmistakable 
  marks 
  of 
  usage, 
  with 
  a 
  

   small 
  fragment 
  chipped 
  out 
  on 
  the 
  back 
  side. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  equal 
  in 
  

   quality, 
  as 
  a 
  stone 
  implement, 
  to 
  those 
  of 
  granite. 
  It 
  appears 
  

   from 
  these 
  specimens, 
  that 
  the 
  nearer 
  they 
  are 
  to 
  a 
  true 
  granite, 
  

   or 
  with 
  a 
  slight 
  preponderance 
  in 
  the 
  proportion 
  of 
  felspar, 
  the 
  

   better 
  will 
  they 
  bear 
  usage. 
  All 
  of 
  these 
  described, 
  except 
  the 
  

   last, 
  were 
  evidently 
  pebbles 
  from 
  the 
  drift. 
  

  

  8 
  tone 
  Hammer 
  — 
  Fig. 
  11, 
  PI. 
  III. 
  — 
  This 
  specimen 
  concludes 
  the 
  

   series 
  of 
  stone 
  implements. 
  It 
  is 
  the 
  smallest 
  of 
  them, 
  4J 
  inches 
  

   long, 
  1| 
  inch 
  broad, 
  and 
  1| 
  thick, 
  and 
  is 
  of 
  granite 
  with 
  quartz 
  pre- 
  

   dominating. 
  The 
  groove 
  was 
  exactly 
  in 
  the 
  centre, 
  and 
  is 
  inter- 
  

   rupted 
  on 
  the 
  handle 
  side. 
  It 
  has 
  one 
  peculiarity 
  ; 
  the 
  narrow 
  side 
  

   opposite 
  the 
  handle 
  hats 
  been 
  ground 
  down 
  flat, 
  for 
  which 
  reason 
  

   this 
  side 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  engraving. 
  For 
  what 
  object 
  it 
  was 
  done 
  

   is 
  not 
  apparent. 
  The 
  inferior 
  quality 
  of 
  the 
  stone 
  is 
  shown 
  by 
  its 
  

   chipping 
  in 
  several 
  places 
  on 
  the 
  hammer 
  face. 
  

  

  The 
  manner 
  in 
  which 
  these 
  grooves 
  were 
  cut, 
  does 
  not 
  appear 
  

   from 
  the 
  grooves 
  themselves. 
  In 
  nearly 
  all 
  of 
  them, 
  the 
  cut 
  sur- 
  

   face 
  is 
  so 
  rough 
  and 
  so 
  much 
  pitted 
  as 
  to 
  preclude 
  the 
  supposition 
  

   that 
  it 
  was 
  ground 
  out 
  with 
  a 
  rubber, 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  sand 
  and 
  water. 
  

   The 
  one 
  last 
  described 
  is 
  smooth 
  enough 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  thus 
  cut 
  ; 
  

   but 
  all 
  the 
  others 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  pecked 
  with 
  some 
  harder 
  

   substance. 
  So 
  far 
  as 
  any 
  inference 
  can 
  be 
  drawn 
  from 
  the 
  grooves 
  

   themselves, 
  the 
  work 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  done 
  by 
  the 
  slow 
  pro- 
  

   cess 
  of 
  pecking. 
  

  

  