﻿38 
  TWENTY-FIRST 
  REPORT 
  ON 
  THE 
  STATE 
  CABINET. 
  

  

  its 
  natural 
  state. 
  It 
  was 
  certainly 
  a 
  convenient, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  a 
  useful 
  

   utensil. 
  

  

  Iron 
  Tomahawk 
  — 
  Fig. 
  15, 
  PL 
  V. 
  — 
  The 
  early 
  traders 
  introduced 
  

   an 
  iron 
  tomahawk 
  of 
  the 
  kind 
  represented 
  in 
  the 
  figure, 
  among 
  a 
  

   large 
  number 
  of 
  our 
  Indian 
  nations. 
  It 
  is 
  often 
  found 
  in 
  Indian 
  

   graves 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  and 
  elsewhere, 
  buried 
  with 
  other 
  personal 
  

   articles 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  was 
  never 
  very 
  highly 
  valued. 
  This 
  has 
  the 
  usual 
  

   stamp 
  of 
  the 
  manufacturer 
  on 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  blade, 
  which, 
  in 
  

   this 
  case, 
  although 
  nearly 
  rusted 
  out, 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  8 
  E. 
  Since 
  it 
  

   is 
  a 
  foreign 
  article, 
  it 
  scarcely 
  requires 
  any 
  notice. 
  

  

  Wooden 
  Implements 
  of 
  the 
  Arickarees. 
  

  

  Wooden 
  Corn 
  Mortar 
  — 
  Fig. 
  16, 
  PI. 
  Y. 
  — 
  The 
  Village 
  Indians 
  

   of 
  New 
  Mexico 
  ground 
  their 
  corn 
  with 
  the 
  metate 
  or 
  stone 
  grinder, 
  

   by 
  rubbing 
  the 
  corn 
  with 
  it 
  upon 
  a 
  flat 
  or 
  slightly 
  concave 
  stone 
  

   adjusted 
  at 
  an 
  inclination 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  Northern 
  agricultural 
  and 
  

   Village 
  Indians 
  used 
  a 
  wooden 
  mortar 
  with 
  wooden 
  pounder 
  to 
  

   reduce 
  their 
  corn 
  to 
  meal. 
  That 
  of 
  the 
  Iroquois 
  was 
  large, 
  two 
  

   feet 
  high, 
  fifteen 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter, 
  and 
  with 
  a 
  cavity 
  which 
  

   would 
  hold 
  nearly 
  a 
  peck 
  of 
  corn. 
  It 
  stood 
  upon 
  the 
  ground, 
  and 
  

   the 
  pounder 
  was 
  about 
  four 
  feet 
  long. 
  That 
  of 
  the 
  Mandans 
  and 
  

   Arickarees 
  was 
  much 
  smaller, 
  sunk 
  in 
  the 
  ground 
  floor 
  of 
  the 
  

   lodge, 
  within 
  two 
  inches 
  of 
  the 
  surface. 
  Each 
  of 
  the 
  houses 
  at 
  

   the 
  Mandan 
  village 
  was 
  provided 
  with 
  one, 
  and 
  sometimes 
  with 
  

   two 
  and 
  three 
  of 
  these 
  mortars. 
  The 
  one 
  about 
  to 
  be 
  described, 
  

   I 
  removed 
  from 
  its 
  position 
  in 
  the 
  ground 
  floor, 
  and 
  brought 
  it 
  

   away 
  with 
  me, 
  with 
  its 
  pounder. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  section 
  of 
  an 
  ash 
  tree, 
  

   with 
  the 
  bark 
  still 
  upon 
  it, 
  17 
  inches 
  high, 
  9 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter 
  at 
  

   the 
  top, 
  and 
  7 
  J 
  inches 
  at 
  the 
  bottom. 
  The 
  cavity 
  is 
  like 
  the 
  inte- 
  

   rior 
  of 
  an 
  urn, 
  except 
  that 
  it 
  terminates 
  acutely. 
  It 
  is 
  9 
  \ 
  inches 
  

   deep, 
  5 
  inches 
  in 
  its 
  greatest 
  diameter 
  and 
  3| 
  inches 
  at 
  the 
  neck 
  

   or 
  mouth, 
  as 
  shewn 
  in 
  the 
  figure 
  (Fig. 
  17, 
  PI. 
  V). 
  As 
  it 
  will 
  hold 
  

   less 
  than 
  two 
  quarts 
  of 
  corn, 
  about 
  a 
  pint 
  probably 
  was 
  the 
  

   amount 
  pounded 
  at 
  a 
  time. 
  The 
  pounder 
  (Fig. 
  18, 
  PI. 
  V) 
  is 
  a 
  

   hickory 
  stick, 
  4J 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter, 
  and 
  3 
  feet 
  3 
  inches 
  long. 
  In 
  

   the 
  figure 
  the 
  ends 
  should 
  have 
  been 
  reversed. 
  To 
  form 
  a 
  handle, 
  

   the 
  stick 
  is 
  reduced 
  to 
  two 
  inches 
  in 
  diameter, 
  leaving 
  the 
  upper 
  

   end, 
  for 
  six 
  inches 
  in 
  length, 
  its 
  natural 
  size, 
  to 
  add 
  by 
  its 
  weight 
  

   to 
  the 
  momentum 
  of 
  the 
  blow. 
  It 
  weighs 
  b\ 
  pounds. 
  The 
  small 
  

   end, 
  with 
  which 
  the 
  corn 
  is 
  crushed, 
  has 
  a 
  blunt 
  edge. 
  In 
  the 
  

  

  