﻿THE 
  STONE 
  AND 
  BONE 
  IMPLEMENTS 
  OF 
  THE 
  ARICKAREES. 
  45 
  

  

  side, 
  their 
  horns 
  wound 
  with 
  strips 
  of 
  red 
  flannel 
  and 
  the 
  fore- 
  

   head 
  of 
  one 
  spotted 
  with 
  vermilion. 
  The 
  outer 
  border 
  of 
  the 
  

   cleared 
  area 
  was 
  decorated 
  with 
  seventeen 
  buffalo 
  skulls, 
  occupy- 
  

   ing 
  about 
  two-thirds 
  of 
  the 
  circuit, 
  and 
  enclosing 
  the 
  grave 
  of 
  the 
  

   chief. 
  With 
  what 
  religious 
  motive 
  these 
  skulls 
  were 
  used 
  in 
  their 
  

   burial 
  customs 
  was 
  not 
  ascertained. 
  The 
  Man 
  dans 
  buried 
  their 
  

   dead 
  upon 
  scaffolds, 
  which 
  was 
  a 
  common 
  method 
  among 
  a 
  large 
  

   number 
  of 
  our 
  Indian 
  nations. 
  None 
  of 
  these 
  scaffolds 
  remained 
  

   at 
  the 
  old 
  village 
  in 
  1862. 
  There 
  was 
  one 
  scaffold 
  standing, 
  and 
  

   this 
  upheld 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  a 
  Sioux, 
  who 
  had 
  probably 
  become 
  do- 
  

   mesticated 
  among 
  the 
  Arickarees, 
  and 
  dying 
  there, 
  had 
  been 
  buried 
  

   according 
  to 
  the 
  customs 
  of 
  his 
  nation. 
  The 
  Minnitasee 
  and 
  Man- 
  

   dan 
  village, 
  sixty-five 
  miles 
  above, 
  is 
  situated 
  upon 
  a 
  bluff 
  at 
  a 
  

   bend 
  in 
  the 
  river 
  in 
  a 
  situation 
  precisely 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  old 
  

   Mandan 
  village, 
  but 
  upon 
  the 
  north-east 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  Missouri. 
  It 
  

   contains 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  number 
  of 
  houses, 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  design, 
  

   and 
  is 
  surrounded, 
  except 
  on 
  the 
  bluff, 
  with 
  a 
  wall 
  of 
  wooden 
  

   pickets 
  set 
  close 
  together 
  vertically 
  in 
  the 
  ground, 
  and 
  rising 
  to 
  a 
  

   height 
  of 
  ten 
  or 
  twelve 
  feet, 
  with 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  gateways 
  or 
  open- 
  

   ings. 
  Back 
  of 
  the 
  village, 
  about 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  in 
  the 
  prairie, 
  was 
  

   the 
  field 
  of 
  scaffolds. 
  They 
  were 
  thickly 
  studded 
  together, 
  about 
  

   two 
  hundred 
  in 
  number, 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  containing 
  more 
  bodies 
  

   than 
  one. 
  Four 
  posts 
  or 
  poles 
  are 
  set 
  in 
  the 
  ground, 
  about 
  eight 
  

   feet 
  high, 
  with 
  stringers 
  and 
  cross 
  pieces 
  resting 
  in 
  forks, 
  upon 
  

   which 
  a 
  flooring 
  of 
  smaller 
  poles 
  is 
  placed, 
  all 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  

   secured 
  with 
  raw 
  hide 
  strings. 
  This 
  is 
  covered 
  with 
  a 
  buffalo 
  

   robe. 
  The 
  body 
  dressed 
  and 
  painted, 
  and 
  wrapped 
  in 
  blankets, 
  

   red 
  or 
  blue, 
  is 
  then 
  placed 
  upon 
  the 
  scaffold 
  and. 
  lashed 
  to 
  it 
  with 
  

   strips 
  of 
  raw 
  hide. 
  One 
  partially 
  uncovered, 
  showed 
  the 
  head 
  

   resting 
  on 
  a 
  pillow, 
  the 
  arms 
  crossed 
  on 
  the 
  breast, 
  and 
  a 
  pipe 
  of 
  

   catlinite 
  with 
  a 
  long 
  wooden 
  stem, 
  laid 
  by 
  his 
  right 
  side, 
  resting 
  

   on 
  the 
  shoulder. 
  At 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  was 
  a 
  detached 
  bundle, 
  

   probably 
  containing 
  clothing 
  and 
  food, 
  lashed 
  to 
  the 
  scaffold. 
  

   Many 
  nations 
  who 
  scaffold 
  the 
  remains 
  of 
  the 
  dead, 
  use 
  this 
  method 
  

   as 
  a 
  temporary 
  burial, 
  gathering 
  the 
  bones 
  at 
  a 
  later 
  period 
  and 
  

   depositing 
  them 
  in 
  a 
  separate 
  lodge 
  near 
  their 
  dwellings. 
  Bury- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  dead 
  in 
  the 
  ground, 
  out 
  of 
  sight, 
  they 
  regard 
  as 
  an 
  evi- 
  

   dence 
  of 
  want 
  of 
  affection 
  for 
  deceased 
  relatives. 
  

  

  Winter 
  Village. 
  — 
  Some 
  miles 
  above 
  the 
  old 
  Mandan 
  village, 
  

   and 
  upon 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  was 
  another 
  village 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  