﻿COHOES 
  MASTODON. 
  

  

  127 
  

  

  male 
  skeleton. 
  As 
  the 
  question 
  of 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  pelvic 
  measure- 
  

   ments 
  in 
  determining 
  the 
  sex 
  of 
  proboscidians 
  is 
  of 
  some 
  import- 
  

   ance, 
  the 
  data 
  at 
  hand 
  are 
  here 
  tabulated, 
  the 
  width 
  of 
  aperture 
  

   being 
  contrasted 
  with 
  the 
  extreme 
  expansion 
  of 
  the 
  ilia, 
  and 
  also 
  

  

  with 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  femur. 
  

  

  

  

  

  

  

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  18* 
  

   21* 
  

  

  .527 
  

   .466 
  

  

  .327 
  

   .291 
  

  

  .43 
  

  

  Warren 
  Mastodon 
  

  

  .38 
  

  

  

  41* 
  

  

  65 
  

  

  43* 
  

  

  18 
  

   16* 
  

  

  .433 
  

   .390 
  

  

  .277 
  

   .372 
  

  

  .3-6-! 
  

  

  Elephant 
  Pizarro 
  (male.) 
  

  

  .38 
  

  

  

  41 
  

  

  41 
  

  

  125 
  

  

  .311 
  

  

  .311 
  

  

  31 
  

  

  

  

  * 
  Measurements 
  taken 
  from 
  Dr. 
  Warren's 
  memoir. 
  

  

  f 
  Dr. 
  Warren 
  gives 
  74. 
  

  

  Age. 
  — 
  An 
  examination 
  of 
  the 
  molar 
  teeth 
  and 
  epiphyses 
  of 
  

   different 
  skeletons 
  affords 
  good 
  data 
  for 
  an 
  estimate 
  of 
  their 
  com- 
  

   parative 
  age. 
  In 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  succession 
  of 
  teeth, 
  the 
  three 
  

   skeletons 
  examined 
  exhibit 
  the 
  same 
  stage, 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  presence 
  

   of 
  the 
  fifth 
  and 
  sixth 
  molars 
  above 
  and 
  below. 
  In 
  the 
  Cohoes 
  and 
  

   Cambridge 
  skeletons 
  the 
  sixth 
  molars 
  are 
  not 
  worn, 
  and 
  the 
  fifth 
  

   but 
  slightly; 
  in 
  the 
  Warren 
  skeleton 
  the 
  wear 
  has 
  advanced 
  a 
  little 
  

   farther, 
  but 
  no 
  cusp 
  of 
  an 
  ultimate 
  molar 
  is 
  so 
  worn 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  ter- 
  

   minated 
  by 
  a 
  plane 
  half 
  an 
  inch 
  in 
  width. 
  As 
  to 
  the 
  coalescence 
  

   of 
  the 
  epiphyses, 
  there 
  is 
  more 
  difference; 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  humerus, 
  

   radius, 
  ulna, 
  pelvis, 
  femur, 
  tibia 
  and 
  fibula, 
  and 
  some 
  others 
  are 
  

   coossified 
  in 
  the 
  Warren 
  skeleton 
  and 
  not 
  in 
  the 
  Cohoes 
  and 
  

   Cambridge. 
  It 
  follows 
  that 
  the 
  Cohoes 
  Mastodon 
  attained 
  the 
  

   same 
  age 
  as 
  the 
  Cambridge, 
  and 
  was 
  but 
  slightly 
  exceeded 
  by 
  the 
  

   Warren. 
  He 
  had 
  but 
  commenced 
  to 
  use 
  his 
  final 
  and 
  largest 
  

   grinders, 
  and 
  had 
  attained 
  nearly 
  or 
  quite 
  his 
  full 
  growth. 
  It 
  is 
  

   also 
  evident 
  that 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  maturity 
  — 
  of 
  the 
  coalescence 
  of 
  the 
  

   great 
  epiphyses 
  — 
  is 
  during 
  the 
  first 
  wear 
  of 
  the 
  sixth 
  molar, 
  and 
  

   before 
  the 
  shedding 
  of 
  the 
  fifth. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  worthy 
  of 
  remark 
  that 
  four 
  of 
  the 
  five 
  elephantoicl 
  skele- 
  

   tons 
  here 
  compared, 
  bear 
  witness 
  to 
  the 
  diseases 
  or 
  accidents 
  of 
  

   the 
  living 
  animals. 
  The 
  Warren 
  Mastodon 
  has 
  an 
  exostosis 
  on 
  

  

  