Notes on Ancient Relics at Norham. 289 



fragments of stratified rocks to the basalt are interesting, as 

 shewing the mechanical and chemical influence of the basalt, 

 for not only have they been torn from the mass -with which 

 they were originally connected, but they are also altered in 

 structure by the outburst of igneous rocks. 



The more important observations of the day were, however, 

 those which related to the passage of masses of ice over these 

 Islands during the era when the Boulder Clay was deposited; 

 for the same dressings, groovings, and striations, which were 

 last year observed on the Stapel, were found to extend over 

 the larger Islands of the Brownsman and Inner Fame ; so 

 that, indeed, it may now be considered established, that the 

 surface of the whole of these Islands had been ground and 

 smoothed by the passage of a powerful agent. Besides the 

 smoothed surface and rounded little rock knolls, there are 

 ruts or narrow hollows of some length, whose sides and 

 bottom are smoothed and striated. From several observations 

 over these Islands, it was found that the general direction of 

 both ruts and striae is from N. 30'' W. to S. SO'' E.; and from 

 the slope of the dressings it appeared that the agent had 

 moved from the northward, which is not from the land but 

 from the sea, and nearly parallel with the coast. On these 

 Islands a larger area of glaciated surface is exposed than in 

 any other part of the north of England. 



The notes on the important section at Cockburnspath are 

 reserved for the present 



Notes on Ancient Relics found in the Neighbourhood of Nor 

 ham, in the possession of Thomas Young Greet, of Mor- 

 ris Hall, Norham. 



Stone Implement or Celt. 



This stone celt was found in the neighbourhood of Cold- 

 stream in 1858, and its form is different from any as yet 

 noticed in Britain. It is made of a tough and moderately 

 hard granular stone, and its peculiarity consists in having, 

 near the top, a hollow or neck, on the side of which are 

 small projecting ears ; from the neck it swells into a broad 

 rounded end, which has been sharpened ; it is flatter than 

 most other celts. Its length is GJ inches, its greatest breadth 

 4^ inches, its breadth across the neck S| inches, and across 



