Anniversary Address. 21 



to the south-west marks the site of the old peel of Side, said 

 to have been the residence of Jock of the Side, brother of the 

 Laird of Mangerton. 



Returning to the foot of the hill, the party separated at the 

 little bridge over Ettleton burn, the botanical and geological 

 section proceeding straight to the valley of the Tweeden on the 

 opposite side of the river, whither Sir William Jardine (who 

 had visited Ettleton the evening before) had preceded them. 

 The rest likewise crossed the Liddell a little lower down, and 

 inspected the ruined tower of Mangerton, the stronghold of 

 the chief of the Armstrongs. All that now remains is the 

 ruined lower story, in the west wall of which is a sculptured 

 stone bearing the Armstrong effigy, not as stated by Nisbet, 

 but the common one of an arm and two-handed sword, with 

 the date 1580, and the letters S A and F E or E E, but the 

 whole too much covered with lichens for the carvings to be 

 easily distinguished. Sir Walter Scott refers the letters to 

 the names of Simon Armstrong and Elizabeth Elliot.* 



The archaeologists, crossing over the high ground above the 

 Liddel, joined the party which had preceded them at the head 

 of the Tweeden burn, the rocky banks of which, clothed with 

 natural wood, were much admired. They then returned 

 together by a short cut to Castleton, not, however, before 

 they were overtaken by a heavy shower, which brought cloaks 

 and umbrellas into requisition. The glen of the Tweeden 

 offers some good geological sections of the Mountain Lime- 

 stone, in which Sir William Jardine recognised the following 

 organisms : — Khynchonella plenrodon, Productus giganteus 

 Terebratula sacculus, Fenestetta plebeia, Ceriopora rhom- 

 bifera, Glauconome pluma, a Polypora, and some others ; and 

 is crossed at its upper end by a trap dyke running north and 

 south. The waters percolating through the limestone are 

 impregnated with calcareous matter in solution, which is 

 deposited extensively on the twigs, grass, and foliage in the 

 bed of the stream. Large quantities of this petrified deposit 

 are carried off for ornamental gardening, several tons having 

 been carted away this year. 



* Minstrelsy of the Border, I., 167, first ed. 



