414 Mr James Hardy on some Flint Implements, 8fc. 



at Penmanshiel, of new cultivation, where barrows existed, 1862. 

 Fig. 8. The same section of ground has since yielded, mixed 

 with bones, a fine bent flint-knife, shaped like a boar's tusk. 



9. Lancet shaped flint-knife, of blackish flint, of the nature of 

 a flake. Broken. Fig. 9. Field, Oldcambus, 1872. Mr Howse 

 remarked on seeing this, that it quite resembles the knives em- 

 ployed in Persia for circumcision, brought to this country by Mr 

 Loftus. See Joshua, v. 2. 



10. Flint-knife? found in British grave at Frenchlaw by Dr 

 Stuart. This is also a flake, but is doubtful whether a knife or 

 a scraper ; the edge is bluntish, and the chipping may be owing 

 to its having been struck to obtain fire. It is very thin ; but 

 has a thickened end to hold by. A calcareous coating adheres 

 to it. It is dark coloured. Plate II., Fig. 10. 



IV. Rude Rings and Obnaments. 



11. Ring of bituminous shale, circularly perforated with a 

 large aperture ; bored from two sides as with a flint implement ; 

 shaped on the outer edge by rubbing ; very rude ; perhaps the 

 centre of a necklace. Found in 1860, in a field at Penmanshiel, 

 where formerly existed numerous small tumuli, which are 

 alluded to in Club's " History," III., p. 109. This is quite a 

 foreign object to the district, as much so as the flints. Mr Howse 

 thought it might be of Whitby jet. It leaves a black streak on 

 stone, but does not stain wood. Fig, 11. 



12. Whorl, or ring, of burnt brick earth. From a field at 

 Penmanshiel, once full of cairns. Fig. 12. 



13. Bead of grey wacke slate; perforated as if by a flint im- 

 plement from two sides ; outer rim cut as with a knife. Found 

 in the garden at Penmanshiel. Fig. 13. 



V. Flint-flakes. 



14. Flint-flake, from the same locality as No. 8. 



15. Flint-flake, apparently burnt and wrought; Oldcambus, 

 June 13, 1872. 



16. Burnt flint-chip, illustrative of the last; from a grave on 

 Whiteside hill, near Wooler, accompanying burnt human bones 

 dug from a tumulus. 



17. Flint-flake, British hut-circle, on a moor, recently ploughed 

 for the first time, Penmanshiel, April 15, 1870. Several tumuli 

 near, mentioned in Club's " History," p. 104, have as yet yielded 

 nothing ; but this is indicative of their age. St. David's Cairn 

 was connected with this group. I observed in passing it, 'many 

 years ago, a greywacke stone, hollowed out like a shallow dish, 



