Maxwellheugh and Springwood Park, by James Tait. 491 



of Greenhead. The portion of Maxwell which became the 

 property of the Earl of Roxburghe has descended to the 

 Duke of Roxburghe, while the larger portion, of which Sir 

 Andrew Ker became the owner, was purchased in the middle 

 of last century, by Sir James Douglas, second son of George 

 Douglas of Friarshaw, a branch of Cavers, and ancestor of 

 of the present Sir George Henry Scott Douglas, Bart., M.P. 

 Sir James Douglas changed the name of Maxwell to Spring- 

 wood Park. 



THE CASTLE OF MAXWELL. 



On the fair domains which Maccus had acquired he built 

 a residence for himself, in the style of the baronial mansions 

 of those times, and around his castle was gradually formed 

 a town or village, occupied by his retainers. Of this castle 

 no part of the building now remains, and even its site is not 

 known with certainty. It is supposed to have stood in a 

 field between Pinnaclehill and the present village of Max- 

 wellheugh, where are still indications that buildings of con- 

 siderable dimensions had formerly existed. The Motehill 

 adjacent is believed to have been the seat of the baronial 

 courts held by Maccus for the administration of justice. It 

 is now enclosed, and forms part of the garden grounds of 

 Pinnaclehill. It is about 33 feet high, and has a slope of 

 35 yards. As a Border fortress, the castle of Maxwell was 

 liable to suffer from the hostile raids of the English, and 

 among the places destroyed by the Earl of Hertford in 1545 

 were Maxwellheugh, Bridgend, St. Thomas's Chapel, East 

 and West Wooden, and Harden, all in or connected with the 

 barony of Maxwell. The mansion of Maxwell was after- 

 wards repaired or rebuilt, but the castle of Carlaverock, 

 which had been acquired at an early date by the Maxwells, 

 being the key to the south of Scotland on the shores of the 

 Solway, required all the energies of the Maxwells to maintain 

 it against the English invaders. Hence, it gradually became 

 the chief family residence, and the castle of Maxwell fell 

 into decay. The old mansion of Bridgend stood in the 

 haugh, near an old ford of the Teviot, where are two silver 

 pine trees, and it is inferred that there was a bridge across 

 the river, though history is silent on that point, and the ex- 

 isting bridge was not built till 1794, when, also, roads were 

 made from Kelso to St. Boswells ; to Fireburn Mill, on the 



