^96 Mr. Tate on the Celtic Town at Greaves Ash. 



taken for the sides of gateways. Professor Phillips has 

 noticed a structural peculiarity of this kind, in the walls 

 surrounding the hut foundations of Inglehorough in York- 

 shire.* Such are the contrivances of a rude people to bind 

 together unhewn stones, and give stability to walls, which 

 have not been strengthened by lime or even clay, for nothing 

 save a little ordinary soil, in some parts, fills the spaces be- 

 tween the stones. In Scotland and in the north of England 

 " dry stone " fences are still built ; but the masonry of these 

 ramparts, from the large size of the blocks used for their face, 

 appears superior to the "dry stone walling" of the present 

 period. How high these ancient cyclopsean ramparts had 

 originally been, it is now impossible to determine ; but with 

 such a thickness as they had, they may have reached the 

 height of 10 or even 15 feet. 



Excepting on the south side, there is a considerable space 

 between the outer and inner rampart ; on the north-east and 

 the west sides this space is 50 feet in breadth. A few hut 

 circles can be traced within it, but it is more especially 

 divided by cross walls into enclosures of considerable size 

 which may have been used for horses and cattle. These cross 

 walls are coeval at least with the outer rampart, for they are 

 built through it. 



On the south side of the fort, the space between the ram- 

 parts contracts ; the entire breadth from the outer face of the 

 outer rampart, to the inner face of the inner rampart, is only 

 22 feet. And what is peculiar and puzzling — we find a third 

 wall built between the ramparts. First we have the outer 

 rampart carried along the brow of a steep hill, with its outer 

 face formed of very large blocks carefully set ; next at a dis- 

 tance of 10 feet is the intercalated wall, from 3 to 4 feet wide 

 and rudely built, the space between this wall and the external 

 range of blocks being filled with smaller stones ; then comes 

 another space of about 2 feet, filled similarly with small 

 stones ; and afterwards the inner rampart which is here 6 

 feet wide, but with its outer face built with remarkable caie. 

 There is therefore a defensive rampart formed of three dis- 

 tinct walls, running parallel with, but a little distant from 

 each other, with the intervening spaces filled up Avitli small 

 stones and earth. So far as I know, this curious construction 

 has not hitherto been noticed ; that it is however not acci- 

 dental, or a mere freak, but adopted by design to attain 



* rbillips" Rivrrs, Moimtains, Rnd F^ea Coast of Yovkshirr, p 28. 



