428 Rev. F. R. Simpson on an Ancient British Grave. 



with perfect fruit on decayed timber at the base of an oak, Red Clues Cleugh, 

 Feb, 1863. There are sometimes two or three capitula on one stalk, and one of 

 the capitula is proliferous from the centre, like a minute Cladonia. 



19. BiLiMBiA MiLLiARiA, 3. SAXATiLis, Fries. On stones in moist places on 

 the moor near Penmanshiel. 



In drawing up this List of the Lichens of the Eastern Borders, I have fol- 

 lowed generally the arrangement and nomenclature of Mr. Mudd's " Manual of 

 British Lichens," Darlington, 1861 ; a useful work, and the only one that 

 affords a comprehensive view of British species. I determined the greater 

 number of the species by the aid of descriptions only ; several, however, of the 

 more critical species were examined under the microscope by Dr. Lindsay and 

 Mr. Mudd ; and as I proceeded with my labours, many typical examples 

 reached me from the Rev. T. Salwey and others, to whom it is pleasant to return 

 thanks. To determine Dr. Johnston's species I had the aid of his Herbarium, 

 which had previously been revised by the Rev. W. A. Leighton. In particular 

 I am obliged to Mr. Baker, of Thirsk, for his liberality in allowing me the 

 use of his Herbarium, containing not only numerous specimens from the older 

 Lichenologists, but also a large proportion of Mr. Mudd's types, labelled and 

 arranged by that author himself. This did not reach me till this article was 

 half printed, but it has enabled me to correct any mistakes into which I had 

 fallen ; and I can now safely say that by one means or another, nearly all the 

 species that I have set down have been authenticated. The number of Lichens 

 in Mr. Mudd's Manual is 495 ; but above 500 species are known as British. 

 Dr. Johnston's list when corrected amounts to 77. In the present catalogue 

 there are enumerated 244 ; being about half the British species. Mr. Winch, 

 who had paid great attention to the Lichens in his " Flora of Northumberland 

 and Durham," gives 281 as the sum for the two counties. Of these I find 81 

 to be either varieties, repetitions, or what would not now be considered as 

 species. The present list comprises the whole of the species hitherto recorded 

 for Northumberland, except the twelve following lichens: — Collema fasciculare, 

 Stereocaulon cereolinum, Sticta glomulifera, UmhUicuria pustiilata, Lecidea aerugi- 

 nosa, Opegrapha Chcvallierl, Acolium stigonelhivi, Calichim sultile, Coniocyhe 

 pallida, Pertiisaria velata, Verrticaria Dnfourii and PyrenuJa nitida. Some of 

 these and several others may yet be found in the Border district, when more 

 attention is devoted to these plants than I am able to pay. 



An account of an Ancient British Grave discovered at North 

 Sunderland ; by Rev. F. R. Simpson ; with a description 

 of the Caharium of a Skeleton found therein ; by T. 

 Barnard Dayis, M.D., F.A.S., &c. (With Plate XIII.) 



On Friday 30th May, 1862, in making some alterations in 

 the drains of the Bhie Bell Inn, the workmen discovered an 



