376 Kotes on British and other Coins. By Miss Kussell. 



may not indicate the value of the coin ; and tlie name ARVD ; I do not 

 know if any meaning has been found for this or not. 



Nos. 5., 6., and 7. are from Yorkshire, and of the type usually found there. 

 They all have on the convex side a double band of smaU objects like bricks, 

 which is known from a long series of examples, to be a conventional repre- 

 sentation of the wreath on the head of the Greek divinity, with the name 

 VOLISIOS, apparently that of the chief, across it ; and ornaments in the 

 four angles, one of which resembles considerably the circular scroU orna- 

 ments carved on pieces of wood found in the lake-dwelUng at Lochlee. On 

 the convex side is the horse, in a corresponding state of dilapidation, being 

 actually dismembered ; but also the inscription DVMNOGO VER. The R 

 is of the type our own small r is taken from. The Dumnonii are mentioned 

 by Ptolemy in the 2nd century, that is soon after the Roman conquest, in 

 Devonshire and in Stirlingshire. Had the Yorkshire Dumnonii been driven 

 westward, to join their congeners, by the pressure of the Roman invasion ? 

 The large hoaid of coins like those in question found at Cambre in Cornwall 

 might be treasure carried off. N.B. Devon is evidently both Dumno, and 

 Dyfnant, the country of valleys. Lindum of the Dumnonii, by help of 

 Captain Thomas' geography, I make out to be Camelon or Kemlin on the 

 northern Roman wall. The name Dumno is found in two stone inscriptions 

 on the southern Roman wall, some Dumnonii having npparently helped to 

 build it; two at least containing it have been found in France; a Dumno- 

 vellannus is one of the British kings mentioned in the great inscriptio n of 

 Augustus ; and part of the interest of the Yarrow inscription lies in it con- 

 taining the name, or form, Dumnogei. This in its turn may help to explain 

 the English British coins, for Dumnoco, as it has usually been read, has 

 puzzled the authorities, and it may be a contraction of Dumnogeno ; the 

 declensions and cases are aU astray as it is. While we know that "princeps"' 

 or what is meant for it, in the Yarrow inscription, is actually a translation 

 of " Ver," for Nudd Hael appears in the pedigrees as one of the " Gwyr" — 

 Men, Warriors, or Chiefs, of the North Cumbria — in contradistinction to 

 Wales or Devon. Letters having come through the classical languages, the 

 Celtic words are naturally written in a more or less Greek or Latin form. 



No. 8. also from Yorkshire, has the same devices, with different letters. 

 Instead of the chief's name crossing the conventional wreath is the name 

 Dum, but the D is of the Greek form the Delta or triangle, and the VM in 

 monogram, as in the Yarrow inscription of four centuries later. The Delta 

 I believe is also found in post-Roman inscrititions ; with its straight lines, it 

 is the best form for cutting on stone. The Dum is reversed, by a common 

 mistake in rude stamping, the die having been cut right instead of reversed. 

 It should be mentioned, the Delta is quite perfect in the original ; it is almost 

 the only letter that has not come out clearly in the autotype. On the other 

 side, above the remains of the horse, is the word TIGIl. This no doubt is 

 the title which occurs in one of the inscriptions at Llantwit Major, of the 

 6th century ; it is to " Juthahelo Rex at Artmal Tega." It was long ago 

 remarked that the ancient title of the Tagus of Thessaly was probably con- 

 nected with the Saxon Heretoga, Army-Leader. It is probably this word 

 helps to form the Gaelic Tighearnach, Lord, which is variously interpreted 

 as the man of the land, tir ; or the man of the house, tigh ; most likely it is 



