On Findinf/ of Shells near BervAch. By W. Gimn. 541 



It is not likely that tlie foregoing list is an exhaustive one, and 

 diligent and continued search would probably make considerable 

 additions to it. The most perfect shells are Littorina littorea 

 (almost entire) and entire valves of Tellina Balthica, but all the 

 shells are much worn, many are smoothed, and some of the thick 

 fi'agments of Cyprina Islandica are glacially polished and 

 striated. There seems also an undoubted mixture of littoral and 

 deeper sea forms, and taking all the facts together it cannot be 

 supposed that the shells were inhabitants of the banks of the 

 Tweed during the glacial period. It seems more probable that 

 they were swept off the sea bottom and carried along by the 

 great ice sheet which moved down the east coast of Scotland and 

 the north of England, and which had its origin about the Moray 

 Frith according to Professor James Geikie and Dr Oroll. The 

 shores of the Moray Frith have patches or Oolitic and Liassic 

 Strata from which the Belemuites may have been derived. 



The oaly references I can find to shells, in glacial drift any- 

 where between the Tyne and the Forth, are the following : — 



Professor J. Geikie, my late colleague, in his ''Great Ice Age " 

 Ist edition 1874, at p. 208 gives a section seen in the cliff at 

 Berwick- on-T weed, and on p. 209 mentions that broken shells 

 occur in the upper Boulder Clay there, but that thpy appear to 

 be rare. 



Sir A. 0. Eamsay, late Director-General of the Geological 

 Survey, in the 5th edition of his " Physical Geology and Geo- 

 graphy of Great Britain" pp. 385-386 (1878) gives an account 

 of some observations made by him and others along the coast at, 

 and south of Berwick-on-Tweed, in which he says : — ** The 

 beach-like sands and gravels that overlie the Till are charged 

 with large blocks of limestone and porphyry at the base, and 

 many broken sea shells." 



No attempt seems however to have been made to collect and 

 identify any of the fragments, and both the examples cited refer 

 to places on the sea-coast, while the one described in the paper 

 is 1^ miles from the sea, so that at all events the locality is a 

 new one. 



