On the Effects of the Winter of 1879-80. 



847 



List of Trees and Shrubs killed and disabled :— 



Oaks, 1 and 2. 



Yews, 1 and 2. 



Tree Box, 1. 



Hollies, all kinds, 1. 



Ivies of sorts, 1 and 2. 



Laurels— Portugal, Bays, and 

 » Sweet Bays, 1. 



Chestnuts, sweet, 1 and 2. 

 . Magnolias, 2. 

 . Figs, 1. 

 . Eoses, old varieties on walls, 1. 



Clematis, on walls, 1 and 2. 

 . EscaUonia macrantha, 1. 

 . Berberis Darwinii, 1. 

 . Buddlea globosa, 1. 



Yellow Broom, 1. 



Whin or Furze, 1. 



Deodaras, 1 and 2. 



WeUingtonias, 1 and 2. 



Araucaria (three stood unscathed 

 on Penilheugh), 1 and 2. 

 . Pampas Grass, 1. 

 . Arundo conspicua, 1. 

 . Tritomas much weakened, 

 although covered. 



Ehododendrons ponticums and 

 hybrids, some fine old bunches, 

 1 and 2. 



Aucubas, 1. 



Cotoneaster macrophyUa, 1 and 2. 



Crataegus Pyracantha, 1. 



Cydonia Japonica, 1 and 2. 

 . Gum Cistus, 1. 



Garrya eUiptica, 1. 

 . Forsythia Fortunfei, 1. 



Privet, common, 1 and 2. 



Paidownia imperialis, 1. 

 . Olea ilicifolia, 1. 

 . Ehaphiolepis ovata, 1. 



Eibes sanguineum, 1 and 2. 



Santolina, 1. 

 . Spanish Broom, 1 . 



Viburnum tinus, 1. 



Akebia quinata, 1. 

 . Yucca recurvifolia, 1 and 2, 

 and 2. 



Yucca gloriosa, 

 Eose Acacia, 1. 

 Walnuts, 2. 



Eetinospora Ericoides, 1 and 2. 

 Picea Pinsapo, 2. 

 Apples, 1 and 2. 

 Pears, 1 and 2. 



Note. — 1 means killed, and 2 severely injured. A dot in front of the names 

 means they were covered with hay, straw, or mats. 



Owing to a coating of snow at the time all Herbaceous plants were safe. 

 The Temperature was low aU that summer only rising to 75°, and that for 

 one day only, and only reaching 70° four times during the summer. I have 

 only given the number of days on which rain fell. There were also a great 

 many dull days, that is days wanting sun but no rain fell. 



Altogether it was a wet, dull, and sunless summer, with a very low tem- 

 perature. All Tender Annuals perished in the flower garden after being 

 raised in heat, and hardened off, such as Zinnias, Salpiglossises, Mesembry- 

 anthemums and a host of such things. In the kitchen garden, French Beans 

 would not grow, nor Vegetable Marrows unless under glass ; Tomatoes on 

 walls would not grow. Peas were one month later in filling in early summer. 

 Fruits would not ripen. Strawberries were quite insipid. Owing to the death 

 of shrubs, &c., the appearance of the flower garden is quite altered— the frame, 

 as it were, having been taken from the picture. 



Among the plants that stood the severity of the vdnter untouched were 

 Mahonias; and without any protection, Thujopsis dolobrata, Ampelopsis 

 Veitchii on walls, Aristolochia Sipho, Wistaria Sinensis, Weigelia rosea. 



The simimer of 1880 was fine ; but owing to the Oaks having to break out 

 qi old wood, which caused them to be much later, and consequently to be in 



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