646 Sculptured Stone at Innerleithen 



drowned. His body was recovered and taken out of the water 

 near the foot of the Leithen, and immediately opposite a steep 

 hill called the Caddon-bank. It was conveyed by the country 

 folks to the church of Innerleithen, and lay there the whole of 

 the next night. In return for this act of kindness and respect 

 the King granted the church of Innerleithen to the monks of 

 Kelso, and bestowed upon it, the rights and privileges of sanc- 

 tuary.'" 



In granting this privilege to " Inverlethan, " Malcolm IV. or- 

 dains, " that the said church in which my son's body rested the 

 first night after his decease, shall have a right of sanctuary in all 

 its territory, as fully as Wodale or Tyningham ; and that none 

 dare lo violate its peace ' and mine ' on pain of forfeiture of life 

 and limb.'' " IJt tantum refu^ium habeat in omni territorio suo ; 

 quautum habet Wedale aut tyningham, et ne aliquis ita sit 

 temerarius, ut pacem predicte ecclesie et meam super vitam et 

 membra sua, audeat violare." Liber deCalchou, Chart. No. 21. 

 p. 23). 



"The most celebrated, and probably the most ancient sanctu- 

 ary [in the south of i^cotland]", says Mr Cosmo Innes, " was that 

 of the church of "Wedale, a parish which is now called by the 

 name of its village, ' the Stow.' There is a very ancient tradi- 

 tion, that King Arthur brought with him from Jeiusalem an 

 image of the Virgin, ' fragments" of which,' says a writer of the 

 1 1th century, in an annotation on a MS. of Nennius, ' are still 

 preserved in Wedale in great veneration.' * Of the sanctuary 

 of Tyningham, thus mentioned as of almost equal celebrity with 

 Wedale, we have but little further information.' " (Preface to 

 Liber de Calchou, pp. xxi. xxii). The Scotch law of sanctuary 

 is fully described in this Preface. * The King's peace ' alluded 

 to in the Charter, " was a privilege attached to the sovereign's 

 court and castle, but which he could confer on other places and 

 persons, and which at once raised greatly the penalty of misaeeds 

 committed in regard to them." {lb. p. xxiii). 



In the year 1 144, when David I. granted the church of Lesma- 

 hago as a cell to Kelso, he conferred upon it the secular privilege 

 of sanctuary in these terms : "Whoso, for escaping peril of life 

 or limb, flee to the said cell, to come within the four crosses that 

 stand around it, I grant them my firm peace." {lb. p. xxii) 

 The "territory" of Innerleithen would have similar crosses. 

 Was the sculptured stone now under consideration, the shaft of 



