Notices concerning Oxnam Parish. By J. Hardy. 121 



ravine below Oxnam Row that demands much attention. The 

 stream runs across Greywackes and Shales of the usual character. 

 I should advise you rather to walk up the little stream that comes 

 down from Cleuchside, until you come upon the junction of the 

 Old Eed Sandstones and Porphyrites. The easier way would be 

 to keep the road as far as Cleuchside itself and then go into the 

 ravine. From Oxnam to Crailinghall the stream flows in Silurian 

 country — but the Silurian is confined to the bottom of the valley 

 — the higher slopes looking into the valley are Old Eed Sand- 

 stones on the west side, and Porphyrites on the east side, until 

 Crailinghall is reached, when both sides of the valley are flanked 

 with the sandstone. 



The boulder- clay covers most of the gentler slopes ; and you 

 will see some good cuttings — as for example on the side of the 

 Oxnam below the School, and near the bridge about a mile 

 before you reach Capehope." 



[Prof. Geikie then gives some rough sections across the country. 

 1. At Jedburgh: the well-known Huttonian section. 2. From 

 near Newbigging Bush east to the top of the Law overlooking 

 Swinside. Underneath are the Lower Silurian rocks at a high 

 angle, overlaid on the left by horizontal Old Eed Sandstone, and 

 on the left on the Law with the Old Port above Swinside with 

 Porphyrites, and thin beds of Conglomerates, a thin bed of the 

 latter intervening between the Silurian and the Porphyrites, the 

 Law being capped with the Porphyrites. 3. Section from 

 Swinside Law across the Oxnam to Bloodylaws, shews the hori- 

 zontal Conglomerates and Porphyrites of the Law, and the almost 

 perpendicular Silurians, Greywackes, and Shales with occasional 

 Graptolites of Bloodylaws hill. 4. Shews the bed of Oxnam 

 AVater on the highly elevated Silurian, the Silurian apparent at 

 Pleasance, but behind it capped with Old Eed, on the other 

 hand Silurian at Harden, but Porphyrite caps it at no great 

 distance. 5. Shews again the Silurian of the bed of the Oxnam, 

 the Old Eed at Pity me, and again on the other side, a little 

 above Crailinghall.] " The general direction of glaciation in the 

 district you will traverse is about N.N.E." 



"The district shows a plateau of Silurian overlaid by Por- 

 jmyrites (Lower Old Eecl) in part — these and the Silurian being 

 overlaid by Upper Old Eed Sandstone strata. In a few places, 

 as at Hunthill, there are cappings of Carboniferous strata lying 

 on the Upper Old Eed." 



