390 Report of Meetings for 188G. By J. Havdy. 



that there were at least two different glacial invasions. The 

 till beds show a line of separation into two distinct and nearly 

 equal portions. This interglacial period is shewn at Martin's 

 Bridge scaur, and also at Fenwick — the line of demarcation at 

 the former marked by a band of vegetation, and the latter by a 

 series of small springs ; the stones in both being beautifully 

 striated and polished on one side, and subangular on the other. 

 At Branxkolme Park Hill, just above the junction of the Borth- 

 wick and the Teviot, we have the finest example in the county of 

 glacial marking, the strise on the rocks being very fine. At this 

 hill too we have a good example of Crag and Tail, the tail 

 pointing to the north-east, shewing as at other places that the 

 ice which formed it must have come from the S.W. Also among 

 the Silurian strata here we come across such fossils as Proto- 

 virgularia dichotoma and Nematolites?" 1 Of these two ice invasions, 

 Professor Elliot remarks (Trans. Arch. Soc. Hawick, 1876, pp. 

 5-6,) — "The great glacier of the Teviot must have descended 

 from the Wisp and Oaldcleugh," and this gave origin to the 

 older till. "The other swept right over that ridge deriving 

 its origin from the much higher mountaius of the Highlands. 

 The latter has even, we are told by Professor Geikie, left a 

 deposit of till on the top of Tinto, at a height of 2300 feet." — 

 " The scaur opposite Newmill on Teviot shews us stratified sand, 

 earth, and gravel, in intimate connection with till ; but in this 

 instance the till formation must be the older of the two. The 

 Allan Water seems to have cut through the scaurs, and then 

 replaced the till carried off, by deposits of its own. The 

 swallows [sand martins] always know the difference between 

 stratified material and till, since they often make their nests in 

 the former, but never in the till." This habit of the sand- 

 martins may be seen on the scaur on the Slitrig at Lynnwood, 

 where a deep mass of till rests on stratified gravel, as well as 

 here at Newmill. 



The remains of Alla;ihaugh Peel, that belonged to a family of 

 Scotts, stand by the side of a deep wooded ravine above the 

 junction of the Allan and Teviot. The Allan, as we saw after- 

 wards from the opposite heights, winds far away among green 

 hills — past Skelf-hill Pen — stretching its feeders even to Oald- 

 cleugh Fell. A camp is marked between the Allan and the 

 Teviot ; and an urn had been found near the Baes ICnowes, on 

 the opposite side of the Allan. 



