Upper 



Limestone ^ 



Series. 



118 Carboniferous Limestone Series. By Hugh Miller. 



Carboniferous Limestone Series — Northumbrian Type 

 (Northumberland, East Cumberland, and Liddisdale.) 



rFelltop or Upper Calcareous Division : — Feet 



From the Millstone Grit to the zone of the 

 Great Limestone. Sandstones and shales ; 

 one or more beds of marine limestone, in- 

 cluding the Felltop Limestone; some coals; 350-I 200 

 Calcareous Division : — From the great Lime- 

 stone to the bottom of the Dun or Redesdale 

 Limestone. Many beds of good marine 

 [^ limestone ; sandstones and shales ; coals ; 1 ,300-2,500 

 f Carbonaceous Division (Scremerston Beds of 

 North Northumberland): — From the Dun or 

 Redesdale Limestone to Tate's ' Tuedian 

 Grits.' Strata prevalently carbonaceous ; 

 limestones chiefly thin, many of them 

 containing vegetable matter ; coals ; . . 800-2 500 

 Tuedian Division: — Upper Tuedian or Fell 

 Sandstone Group, the ' Tuedian Grits' of 

 Tate : — From the Carbonaceous Group to the 

 Cement-Limestones. Great belt of massive 

 grits (Tweedmouth, Chillingham, the 

 Simonside and Harbottle Hills, the Peel, 

 and Bewcastle Fells'). Shales greenish 

 and reddish as well as carbonaceous-grey ; 

 coals rare, thin, or absent ; . . 500-1,600 



Lower Tuedian or Cement-Limestone Group : 

 From the base of the grits downwards. 

 Cement-stone bands passing into lime- 

 stones (Eothbury, Bewcastle) ; coals very 

 rare ; generally some coloration of the 

 shales and sandstones ; . . . . 500-1,500 



Basement Conglomerates ( Upper Old Red 

 \^ Sandstone) ; local ; . . . . — 



Tate's admirable classification, in conclusion, presents us with 

 well-defined types of strata, bounded by lines as good probably as 

 from the complications of the structure (faults, obscurities, &c.) 

 could be expected, and so distinct as generally to be recognisable 

 at a glance by the practised eye. His group-names, if not high- 

 sounding, are at least sufficiently expressive, and have every 

 claim to general adoption. 



Lower 

 Limestone 

 Series. ■{ 



