300 Marine Algce of Berwick- on -Turned. 



usually in groups of from 6 to 1 plants bound together by their 

 root-fibres as described above. 



In L. hyperborea, on the other hand, the root-fibres are short 

 and thick, and do not spread at right angles to the stem, but 

 are usually bent downwards at a short distance from it. They 

 do not all arise from the base of the stem, but at various heights 

 for about six inches upwards from the base. The primary and 

 secondary fibres are nearly alike. When found on the beach it 

 is usually in single specimens or only two or three bound 

 together by their roots. 



Laminaria saccharina (Linn.) Lamour. 



Essai, p. 42. — Fucus saccharinus, Linn., Spec, Plant, n., 

 p. 1161. 

 Descr. Laminaria saccharina, Harv., Phyc. Brit. 

 Fig. „ „ ,, „ „ pi. 289. 



Ersicc. ,, ,, Wxjatt, Alg. Damn., no. 54; Crouan, Alg. 



Finist., no. 83 ; Le Jol., Alg. Mar. Cherb., no. 55. 

 Syn, Laminaria saccharina, Fodie, Lam. Norw., p. 90 ; Le Jol., Liste, 

 p. 91; J. Ag., Spec. Alg. I., p. 132; Ktz., Spec. Alg., p. 574; 

 Johnston, PI. Ber. n., p. 226. 

 Laminaria caperata, J. G. Ag., Spetsb. Alg. Bidr., p. 5 et 11 ; Id., 



Spetsb. Alg. Till., p. 28. 

 Laminaria Agardhii, Kjellm., Spetsb. Thalloph. n., p. 18 ; Algenveg 

 Murm. Meer., p. 37. 

 Hub. Common on rocks and stones near low-water mark, along the 

 whole coast. All the year. 



The species which I have here called Laminaria saccharina 

 differs in several important particulars from the form of that 

 species commonly found in the south of England. The fronds, 

 even when only a few inches long, are more or less bullate, and 

 when mature, the centre of the frond is traversed by four or five 

 distinct rows of alternate bullations and deep depressions, the 

 margins of the frond being usually strongly crisped. The 

 fructification first appears on the most elevated portions of the 

 bullations and gradually spreads to the depressions, the frond at 

 the bottom of which remains unaltered till the spores on the 

 more elevated portions of the blade are nearly mature. This 

 peculiarity in the fructification gives to a fruited blade a blotchy 

 appearance when held up to the light, owing to the portions 

 where spores and paraphyses are present being thicker than the 

 rest of the frond. In the southern form, on the other hand, the 



