Report of Meetings for 1889. By Dr. J. Hardy. 503 



sea-wall, the Whinstone Dyke was seen running out to sea, distinctly 

 denned by its black colour, and at low-tide to be seen for a distance of 

 450 yards from shore us a solid black wall 24 ft. thick, intersecting at an 

 angle the Blyth Rock (6 yard Limestone), a Freestone known as Benty 

 White Bock, and the (8 yard Limestone) in succession ; the metamor- 

 phosing action on the adjacent rocks being distinctly shown. 



Galena.— 100 yards north of the Dyke is the vein of Galena mentioned by 

 Tate, running almost due N. and S., according to compass ; the specimens 

 obtained varied from li in. to If in. thick. 



Coal. — A 12 in. seam of coal, supposed to be Shilbottle, crops out a few 

 yards south. 



Ton's Point, Red Brae. — A short way north we come to an 8 ft. Lime- 

 stone, and shortly afterwards the 9 yard Limestone known as Beadnell or 

 North Sunderland Main Limestone. It is the recurrence of this 9 yard 

 Limestone, followed as it is by the 4ft. Limestone and the Beadnell Main 

 coal underlying, all of which are plainly to be seen at Sunderland Point, 

 that proves the existence of the 1000 ft. fault at or near the Aunstead 

 Burn, and which has carefully been studied and issued by Professor 

 Lebour, in the " Proceedings of the N. of B. Institute Mining and 

 .Mechanical Engineers," Vol. xxxiii., 1884. The Point formed by the 9 

 yard Limestone and underlying Freestoue is known as Red Brae or Dell 

 Point, also locally as Tom Tod's Point. This Point is interesting as 

 showing the sites of ancient Salt Pans, Lime Kilns, and old Coal Shafts. 

 The kilns anil salt pans have almost disappeared into the sea, but the old 

 map of 1759 shows four draw-kilns in working order, and a wind-mill in 

 operation at the Pit shaft. It was off this point that the sea was let into 

 the colliery by the then colliery tenant, in 1813. 



In the Field to the west of the Road is to be seen an old Quarry (9 yard 

 Limestone) which supplied the Limekilus at the Harbour, some 50 years 

 ago. From this point to the northwards there is a succession of Free- 

 stones, Shales, Limestones, and Coals ; including the 30 inch, 5 yard, 5 feet, 

 and 6 feet Limestones ; and 16 inch (Stone Close), 16 inch (Swinhoe), and 

 18 inch (Fleetham) coals, nutil we come to a stretch of sands at the mouth 

 of the Sunderland Burn. 



Fault. — It is within the limits of these sands that the Greal Fault, 

 estimated at 1000 feet, occurs. Mr Lebour gives the direction as about- 

 west by north. The Geological Surveyor gave it a direction of west by 

 south; but from notes taken from the original note-book of the late Mr 

 Wilson of Shilbottle, kindly lent me by his sou, and also from other 

 information, I am inclined to believe that its direction is between these 

 two; that is, it passes through the north part of "Fleetham " farm, the 

 south-west field of " Pasture Hill," and thence through north of " Coldrife " 

 into "Newham" farm. We have no reason however to be sure that the 

 Fault takes a straight Hue in its course. 



North Sunderland. — Crossiug the Annstead burn, we see at once our 

 Beadnell 9 yard Limestone, followed by the 4 feet Limestone and the 

 Beadnell Coal cropping up, whereas they should all have been 1000 feet 



