144 REPORT OP MEETINGS FOR 1907 



as the building from which Henry IV. and John of Lancaster 

 addressed their Warkworth correspondence. Entering by a 

 passage communicating with the chambers already named, 

 the visitor passes to the great hall in which the foundation 

 of the brazier may still be seen, and from which access is 

 obtained to pantries and kitchen accommodation at its Northern 

 end. The main approach to it from the court-yard lies through 

 a buttressed tower, on whose front wall, enclosed in a frame 

 supported on groups of angels and overhung by a battlemented 

 cornice, is engraved a lion resting on two ornamental brackets 

 of fan-like tracery. Much defaced as it is, the only sound 

 limb being the off fore-leg, the figure in spite even of the 

 loss of its tail suggests an emblem of power and dominion, 

 its frilled collar, composed of the Percy badge of a crescent 

 and the family motto of Espermmce, indicating the source 

 whence these were derived. Above it, and included in the 

 same panel, are four shields emblematical of the families of 

 Percy, Lucy, and Herbert, while on the overhanging cornice 

 the crescent again occupies a foremost place. At right angles 

 to this tower, and stretching from near the kitchen across 

 the entire court-yard to the East, lie the foundations of the 

 collegiate church already mentioned, whose origin and purpose 

 continue to be one of the unsolved problems of the Castle. 

 In the royal survey of 1538 there is no mention made of such 

 a building, but in that of Clarkson in 1567 its foundations 

 are alluded to. From internal evidence it is presumed that 

 it constituted part of a great scheme of reconstruction projected 

 by the fourth Earl of Northumberland, in which he sought 

 to adapt the Castle to the requirements of a residence more 

 modern and convenient than the donjon could be made. If 

 this conjecture is accurate, the work would be brought to a 

 standstill by his murder in 1489, and in consequence of the 

 extravagance of his successor would never reach completion. 

 A brewhouse and a bakery at the Eastern gable are the work 

 of a later time, and communicate by a narrow passage with 

 the tower called Grrey Mare's Tail on the East curtain-wall. 

 The chief object of interest, however, is the donjon itself, 

 situated on a rising ground considerably above the level of 

 the other buildings. Its peculiar form has been described 

 in the language of heraldry as "a cross quadrate quarter- 



