AND THEIR TEANSFOEMATIONS. 2^ 



margins of both wings. The lower wing is fringed with black and white, and is not so much produced near the anal angle as in 

 P. sarpedon. Head, antenna), and thorax, black, with numerous line greyish-blue hairs; abdomen brownish-black in centre, 

 creamy-yellow at sides. 



On the underside the markings are disposed exactly as above, but are larger and more confluent, and have a pearly, silvery 

 hue. Rich bronze-brown replaces the black of the upper surface, and the lower wings are enlivened by four short, bright crimson 

 bars, relieved by dark brown at tbe discoidal cell, from whence they proceed to the anal angle and there unite with a crimson band 

 bordering the inner or abdominal margin ; there is also a short crimson bar near the base of the wing. Legs and front of head 

 very pale bluish-grey ; abdomen banded longitudinally with brown and creamy-yellow. 



Three stages of the larvae are figured on some young foliage of the Anona, also the chrysalis, and upper and imder surfaces 

 of perfect insect. 



OPHIUSAC!) FRONTINUS, Donovan.- (Plate XVIII.) 



Papilio frontinus, Nat. Hist. Ins. New HolL, pi. 32, fig. 2 (1805). 



Agarisla frontinus, Boisduval, Voy. Coquille, Zool. II., p. 282 (1826); Voy. de I'Astrolabe, Lep., pt. I., p. 173 (1832). 



Noclua scapidaris, Guerin, Voy. Coquille, Atlas, Ins. pi. 19, fig. 2 (1826). 



Spanocala atrata, Scott, MS. 



These caterpillars were very abundant at Ash Island in the beginning of March, feeding on the Breyriia obhngifulia, several 

 stages of growth being occasionally found on the same shrub. They are half loopers, and possess only twelve feet, the pairs usually 

 found on the sixth and seventh annulations being absent ; they rest with the body placed close against the branch or stem, and if 

 touched drop quickly to the ground and there remain in hiding : the same colouration prevails from youth to maturity, but becomes 

 more subdued with increasing age, the full grown larva having the whole upper portion to a little above the spiracles, light, bright, 

 lavender, covered with longitudinal rows of tine black dots, and, on the side of each segment — with the excei)tion of the first — a 

 large oval orange-yellow patch, with intermediate distinct black spots ; the lower or abdominal half is creamy-white minutely 

 speckled with black ; while a row of black dots divides the lavender and cream coloured portions ; spiracles black ; head and feet 

 creamy-white, with numerous black dots and patches on the former ; body long, cylindrical, attenuating very slightly towards the 

 extremities, and measuring about 2i inches. 



Towards the close of March the caterpillars prepared their cocoons by weaving together several leaves of the Breynia, and 

 forming inside them an oval cocoon, close in texture and of greyish-white colour, in which they remained during the winter, taking 

 wing in the ensuing September. 



The chrysalis (fig. 1) is about 1 inch long, moderately stout in form, of a dark plum colour, and thickly covered with 

 whitish bloom. 



The perfect insect measures about "2 inches. 



The Antennce setaceous ; covered above with small scales ; in male (fig. 2) with clusters of cilia beneath, continued to 



the apex which is terminated by a few sette (fig. 3) ; in female pubescent beneath, and the apex terminating 

 in a double seta. 



The Labial palpi project forwards and upwards to a level with the top of eye (fig. 4) ; second joint nearly twice as long as 

 basal or terminal which are about equal in female, but in male the terminal is slightly longer and more 

 acute (iig. 5) ; basal and second joints thickly covered with feathery scales, the terminal only moderately so. 



The Legs: anterior pair (fig. (i) much smaller than the others; intermediate pair with two, and posterior pair (fig. 7) 



with four strong spurs on tibite ; tibite and femora thickly clothed with hair ; tarsi with close scales above 

 and a few setse beneath. 

 Wings deltoid in repose ; moth nocturnal, but if disturbed during the day Hying with great rapidity to a fresh place of 

 concealment. 



