GKOLOav OF TUK AVON HASIN. 



15 



midst of or restiing on Coal Measures at first sight appeal's, 

 it may, I think, bo 'explained. 



My hypothesis is, that subsequent to the Greater Clapton 

 Fault there occurred a minor flat-lying fault, with a down 

 throw towards the present valley, that is N. N. W. l?y this 

 means, as shown in the diagrammatic section, Fig. 1, Moun- 

 tain Limestone wa,s shifted downwards and northwards in 

 such a way as to come to overlie the Coal Measures brought 

 dt>wn by the greater fault. The somewhat variable dip of 

 the faulted limestone is only to bo expected in the neigh- 

 bourhood of such a dislocation. Of the mass of limestone 

 thus faulted down, only isolated patches now remain — de- 

 tached fragments separated from each other by subsequent 

 denudation. 



7. — Gonclusicm. 



I venture to thinlc that the facts brouglit forward in this 

 paper will servo to confirm tliat wliicli it is ojie of my 

 objects to enforce — that the chai'acter of our scenery is 

 determined by the geological structure of the beautiful 

 country that surrounds us. It is my part, as geologist, to 

 poiut out how what I may tei'm the naked scenery — the 

 Scenery unclothed 'with the rich vesture of vegetation — is 

 duo to the action of the forces of denudation. But when 

 niy task is done, that of tho botanist (and the pages of our 

 I'roceodings show that wo have good botanists among us) 

 begins. He completes the work that we of tho geological 

 section begin. lie shows how tlie rich green vesture, no 

 less than the bare surface that it so beautifully invests, is 

 determined by the nature of the soil, tho character of which 

 IS m turn the direct outcome of tho cliaractei' of the strata 

 that give rise to it. And since the disti'ibution of animal 

 liio is to a very hirgo extent determined by the distrlbutiou 



