18 



CHILLED IRON. 



raotal to tlio monld, and also to a mctliod of sooting the 

 interior of the chilled portion of the mould, and also to the 

 role played by this sooty or other covering in, among other 

 things, preventing the sticking of the casting to the mould. 



Mr. Gkoss mentioned some remarkable results in working 

 endurance evidenced by some chilled tramciir wheels made 

 in the Gateshead district. He added that old beer grounds 

 undoubtedly made a good wash for the surface of the chill- 

 ing mould — probably because of their carbonaceous con- 

 stitution. 



In reply to Mr. Hahvev, the AiiTiron, of this paper said he 

 was unacquainted with any exact expoiumcntal data refer- 

 ring to the tenacity of chilled iron. Hardening steel increased 

 its tenacity up to a point with, concurrent modification of its 

 flexure resistance. The strength of the Pallisor bolts which 

 were chilled throughout was very striking. 



