MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 53 



the second joint is a little stouter, but the fingers are larger. The pedipalps are remarkably long 

 and slender, the terminal joiut very long, and ending in a short, powerful, solid spine; the first 

 joiut is scarcely longer than the second is thick, with three inner teeth and a single stout outer 

 one; second joint nearly as long as the third and fourth together; on the inside are two large 

 basal teeth ending in hairs, and in the middle are three small unequal ones; third joint thicker 

 than the second, a single distal internal seta, while the outer edge is finely denticulate; fourth 

 joiut nearly twice as long as the third, with four or five fine external spines; a stout setiferous 

 basal internal spine and a much larger one on the distal third; fifth joint about the same length 

 as the second, being very long, the inner edge nearly straight, the outer edge regularly curved, 

 with no spines; on the inner are four large setiferous spines, the longest seta being somewhat 

 longer than the joint is thick; the joiut ends in a large, stout, short, solid spine; length 7 mm . 

 Legs long and slender; first pair 4.5 mm long, with four tarsal subjoints; second pair 9 ram long, with 

 eight small tarsal subjoints, while P. robusta has but five; fourth pair with five subjoints in the 

 tarsus, and white in color. Color of the body dull honey-yellow ; edge of the abdominal segments 

 dusky; second pair of legs dusky, especially on the distal two-thirds; second, fourth, and fifth 

 joints of the fourth pair dusky, except at the ends. Length of the body, including the folded 

 chelicera3, 4 mm . 



This in some respects remarkable species differs from all the others of the genus either in 

 Europe or this country in the spiny body, the very long pedipalps, with their long terminal joint 

 ending in a short stout spine, also the long iuterocellar spine and the remote eyes. It has long 

 legs for a terricolous species, the second pair having eight tarsal subjoints. It approaches P. 

 armata in the shape and length of the pedipalps and chelicerae, as well as in the many-jointed 

 second tarsi, It is possible that the Mtimmoth Cave species has been derived from some such form 

 as this. The present species was collected by us either iu Key West or Tortugas, Florida, proba 

 bly the former locality. No note was taken as to its exact habitat. The description is introduced 

 here because it is the only out-of-door form east of Colorado as yet known. 



Remarks.— OH the genus Phalaugodes it in ay be said that while it was instituted by Tellkampf 

 for a siugle species, that inhabiting Mammoth Cave (P. armata), it is evident that this is the most 

 aberrant species of the genus, and that the terricolous spee'es, as well as the more robust of the 

 cavicolous forms, should more properly be regarded as the most typical species. On the other 

 hand, as our figures and descriptions will show, P. armata should not be regarded as geuerically 

 different from the eyed species formerly by Simon and ourselves placed under Scotolemon. We 

 see that the differential characters are elastic and only specific, since, for example, P.flavescens 

 has a blind variety. 



Simon records six French species (two additional ones occur in Spain and the other iu Italy) 

 and says: "The Phalaugodes are all essentially lucifugous; the most are cavernicolous, some are 

 terricolous, others are found simply iu the mosses of thick and humid woods. The Phalangodes 

 armata Tellkf. of the United States presents no traces of eyes; in the European species these 

 organs are, on the coutrary, clearly visible, being colored black. Authors have founded on this 

 character the genus Scotolemon; but I have recently found a species in which the eyes are 

 extremely reduced, deprived of pigment, and even sometimes disappearing, thus compelling us to 

 reunite the genera Scotolemon and Phalangodes. The fineness and length of the appendages are 

 always in relation with the atrophy of the eyes; thus, iu P. armata, which is blind, the limbs 

 attain their maximum of development, while in elavigera and terrkola they remain short and more 

 robust, but other species, such as lucasi and navarica, make exactly the passage between the 

 two extremes/' P. navarica Simon, from a cave iu the Lower Pyrenees, approaches nearest to 

 P. armata in three of five specimens; "the eyes are excessively small, puuetiform, and deprived 

 of pigment : in the two others it is impossible to distinguish them ; the feet are also slenderer and 

 longer than iu the other Pyrenean Phalangodes, without, however, attaining the dimensions of 

 those of P. armataP 



It appears that P. armata is in the form of its chelicerae and pedipalps related to the Floridan 

 P. spinifera, differing mainly in the slenderer body, the longer legs, aud absence of eyes and 

 spines on the body. It is from such a form as this that P. armata may have been derived. 



